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BMS08-1007-Histology of Skin & it's Appendages
Fichas del conjunto (26)
- 1What are the functions of skin? (5)1. Protection (thermal, mechanical, chemical, barrier to infection, UV)
2. Prevent dessication
3. Sensation
4. Metabolic (store fat+synthesis Vit D)
5. Excretion through sweat - 2Meissner's Corpusucles provides ... touch sensation and are located .... as ....(structure) What about Pacinian Corpusucles?1. Light, dermal papillae, spindles
3. Pressure/coarse touch, deep in dermis, onion - 3What is the major cell type in the epidermis?Keratinocytes
- 4What are the 4 layers of the epidermis from the top?1. Stratum Corneum (cornified layer)
2. Stratum Granulosum (granular layer)
3. Stratum Spinosum (prickle cell layer)
4. Stratum Basale (Basal layer) - 5What are cells in the Stratum Corneum like? What are they linked by?- dead (no nucleus/organelles)
- keratin filaments with disulfide bridges
- flattened
- Desmosomes - 6What are cells in the Stratum Corneum like?- starting to flatten, becoming squamous
- Keratohyaline granules appear that contribute to matrix - 7What are cells in the Stratum Spinosum like?- keratinocytes are bigger than basal layer
- Langerhans cells
- spot desmosomes - 8What are cells in the Stratum Basale like? What connects them to the basal lamina? What is this the site of?- Cuboidal/columnar
- Melanocytes
- Hemidesmosomes
- Cell differentiation from stem cells - 9Where are melanocytes found, and what do they do? How?- Found in the basal layer
- Secrete melanin
1. Tyrosine in melanocytes bud from melanocytes
2. Endocytosed by keratinocytes - 10What is melanoma?Tumour of melanocytes
- 11What is human vitiligo?Autoimmune condition wherein body makes antibodies to destroy melanocytes
- 12Which cells play a Marcophage like role in the skin, and where are they found?Langerhans cells
Upper part of Stratum Spinosum - 13What do Merkel cells do, and where are they found?They express different keratins to keratinocytes/may be touch sensation
Found in Stratum Basale - 14Where is the dermal papillae found?In between the epidermis and the dermis
Identified by characteristic folds - 15Which layer of the skin contains blood vessels/nerves/ shunts, with parallel collagen fibers?Dermis layer
- 16What are the two layers of the dermis?1. Papillary layer
- thinner, more regular collagen, more fibroblast
2. Reticular layer
- thicker, more irregular collagen fibers, more elastin
- 17What layer of the skin has loose connective tissue, adipocytes, and allows for the mobility of the skin? How is it anchored to the deep fascia?Hypodermis (superficial fascia)
Fibrous bands (collagen) anchor it - 18Merocrine sweat glands are a downgrowth from the ... and release sweat via ... They are important in.... They are innervated by .... The two sections are ... and ....1. Epidermis, exocytosis
2. Thermoregulation
3. SNS
4. Secretory portion (junction of dermis/hypodermis) and excretory duct (through epidermis) - 19How is hypotonic sweat produced?1. Secretory portion secretes isotonic fluid
2. Excretory duct absorbs NaCl to create hypotonic fluid - 20How do apocrine sweat glands release sweat? Where are they found? What do they secrete?1. Tips of cells bud off as vesicles
2. Armpit/genital regions, discharge into hair follicles
3. Sticky milky fluid that smells because of bacteria - 21What are the four layers of concentric rings in a hair follicle?1. Medulla - lightly keratinised, large cells
2. Cortex (in middle) - very heavily keratinised scales
3. Inner root sheath - degenerates at level of sebaceous glands to form a space into which sebum is discharged
4. Outer roots sheath - continuous with epidermis and contains reservoir of stem cells (very light) - 22Why are keratinocytes in the hair follicle unique?Follow different pathways of differentiation
- 23What directs hair formation? Can it regenerate?Hair Papilla
No regeneration - 24Hair growth in: 1) Scalp - Growth phase (....) - Quiescence (....) 2) Body Hair - Growth phase (...) - Quiescence (...)1. years, 3 months
2. months, years - 25What bundle of SM raises hairs?Arrector Pili muscles
- 26What do sebacenous glands secrete? Where do they secrete into? What is the mechanism of secretion?Sebum- a lipid rich liquid to maintain supple skin
Middle part of hair follicle
Holocrine secretion (cells disintegrate completely)
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- BMS08 - Introduction to Anatomy and Physiological Systems Fichas sobre BMS08-1007-Histology of Skin & it's Appendages, creado por Evian Chai el 24/04/2020.
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- Evian Chai
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