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every organic chemistry definition you need to know for leaving cert
Fichas del conjunto (23)
- 1HYDROCARBONScompounds with hydrogen and carbon only
- 2HOMOLOGOUS SERIESa group of compounds that contain the same functional group and each successive member differs by CH 2
- 3FUNCTIONAL GROUPa group of atoms on which the characteristic properties of a homologous series depends
- 4ISOMERScompounds with the same molecular formula but differ in structure
- 5Saturated compoundscontain all single bonds C-C
- 6UNSATURATED COMPOUNDScontain double or triple bonds c=c or C≡C
- 7ADDITION REACTIONSinvolve unsaturated compounds
- 8SUBSTITUTION REACTIONSinvolve saturated compounds
- 9ELIMINATION REACTIONa small molecule is removed from a larger molecule to leave a double bond in the larger molecule, water is also lost
- 10CONDENSATION REACTIONtwo molecules combine to form a larger molecule and water
- 11RECRYSTALLISATIONa process used to separate a solid from a solid impurities by dissolving in a minimum amount of hot solvent
- 12REFLUXallows the reaction to be boiled without losing any volatile material
- 13AROMATIC COMPOUNDSmolecules that contain a benzene ring in their structure
- 14ALIPHATIC COMPOUNDSstraight or branched chained molecules or molecules that contain ring structures, other than a benzene ring
- 15POLYMERISATIONwhen small molecules(monomers) are joined together to make large molecules(polymers)
- 16FRACTIONAL DISTILLATIONa mixture of different liquids are separated into different components depending on their boiling points
- 17LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTIONa technique used to separate two immiscible liquids using a solvent in which one of the liquids has a higher solubility than the other.
- 18CATALYTIC CRACKINGthe breaking down of long chained molecules into many smaller molecules
- 19AUTO-IGNITIONthe early explosion of the petrol/air mixture due to compression of the piston rather than by a spark
- 20KNOCKINGthe noise/vibration produced in an engine as a result of auto-ignition
- 21OCTANE NUMBERthe measure of tendency of the fuel to resist auto-ignition
- 22OXYGENATESany fuel that contains oxygen in its molecule e.g. ethanol
- 23REFORMING DEHYDROCYCLISATIONthe use of catalysts to form aromatic compounds
a cyclic compound and hydrogen is produced as a by-product
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- Fichas sobre every organic chemistry definition you need to know for leaving cert, creado por Rebecca O Toole el 26/05/2015.
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- Rebecca O Toole
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