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PC Hardware

felicia.range99 CompTIA 220-801 Inglés 141 fichas

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  1. 1Motherboard30W not including the CPU power
  2. 2Memory10 W per 2GB module
  3. 3CPU ChipUses AMD Phenom processors use 65-140W
    Athlon 64 processors
  4. 4Harddrive5-15W power
  5. 5Optical DriveUses New CD or DVD 5W-20W
  6. 6Floppy Drive5-10W
  7. 7Adapter Card5-30W
  8. 8What is Form Factor ?for power supply it refers to the size and shape pg.1-22
  9. 9ESDElectrostatic Discharge
    occurs when the charges on separated objects are unequal or brought near each other
  10. 10Names ways to prevent Static ElectricityDont shuffle your feet
    Increase humidity in the room/building
    Keep yourself grounded as you work
    Wear cotton clothing
    Remove carpeting
    Use air ionization system pg 1-3
  11. 11Names ways to prevent static discargeUnplug equipment
    Ground with an antistatic wrist band or touching metal so the charges won't build up
    Be at equal discharge potential with device
    ESD Toolkits
  12. 12What does the computer runs on?Electricity
  13. 13Can you get an electrical discharge when the case is closed?NO, but you still have to be careful to keep yourself grounded, it is a higher risk when the case is open!
  14. 14What are the typical internal components you will find inside a computer case?System board- Motherboard
    Hard drive
    Removeable drives, floppy DVD, and CD-ROM
    Power supply
    Cooling Fan
    Adapter Cards
    Wires, cables, and connectors
  15. 15Why is opening the case the right way is important?To prevent damage to the components
  16. 16Which side do you open?Open the side that gives you the most access to the components. pg.1-5
  17. 17Is it necessary to shut down your computer?Yes
  18. 18Class A Fire Extinguisher does...fire on fire wood or paper
  19. 19Class B Fire ExtingusiherPuts out fire with grease, oil, gasoline, or similar liquids. Label has a red square with a "B"
  20. 20Class C Fire ExtingquisherPuts out fire involving electrical equipment
  21. 21Class DFlammable metals, label shows a yellow star with a "D"
  22. 22Designed for putting out fires from multiple types of flammable materials by using an extinguishing chemical along with a nonflammable gas propellant.Dry Chemicals
  23. 23Interrupts the chemical reaction of burning materials. Use on electrical equipmentHalon
  24. 24Uses water along with compressed gas, as a propellant. ...You know this one :)Water!
  25. 25Fire extinguisher are designed for class b, class C fire, and cools the item and the surrounding air.CO2
  26. 26You are working in an office and the office has a lot of Electrical overload circuits, how would you advise the office manager of Electrical safety?Avoid overloading electrical circuits
    label the breakers in the electrical box
    Use surge protectors and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS)
    avoid overloading power strings
    power cords should be encased along the walkway
    Good ventilation
    secure all cables
  27. 27Voltageis the force of electricity caused by a difference in charge or electrical potential
  28. 28What is the main circuit board in a personal computer?The Motherboard
  29. 29Flow of electronsElectricity
  30. 30a measure of flow of electrons, there must be a complete circuit or pathCurrent
  31. 31Flow of electricityConductor
  32. 32A complete circuit is called a ...Closed
  33. 33an incomplete circuit is calledOpen
  34. 34What causes the current to stop?An interruptions
  35. 35Current that flows in a single direction at a constant voltage through a circuit is called?Direct Current
  36. 36Current that flows repeatedly back and forth through the circuit at a constantly varying voltage level is called?Alternating Current
    known as (AC)
  37. 37a force that opposes the flow of DC through a conductor is called?Resistance
  38. 38Impedancea force that opposes the flow of AC, it is converted into heat or some other force of energy
  39. 39What is electrical power measured in?Watts
  40. 40What is measure in OHMS?Resistance & Impendance
  41. 41The human body has a resistance of about how many Ohms?500,000
  42. 42Yellow wire color and how many pins?12V
    13, 14, 15
  43. 43ATX9.6 by 12 created by Intel in 1996 most popular form, this one is the much larger
  44. 44Mini ATX8.2 by 11.2
  45. 45Micro ATX9.6 by 9.6 released in 1996 offered few slots than the standard ATX for mother board
  46. 46MiniATX6.7 by 6.7 created by VIA 2003
    motherboard size
  47. 47Nano ITX4.7 by 4.7 created by VIA 2004
    mother board size
  48. 48Pico-ITX3.9 by 2.8 Created by VIA technologies in 2007
    Motherboard
  49. 49Daughter Boarda circuit board that connects to a circuit board. It often used with video cards to add more video-processing capabilities
  50. 50Tell me the different kinds of busAddress
    Data
    Expansion
  51. 51Name two Microprocessor companiesIntel and AMD
  52. 52Expansion Busthe communication pathway over which non core components of your computer interact with the CPU, memory, and other core components
  53. 53What is Data?The bus transfer data between the CPU and the RAM also known as the system bus or data bus
  54. 54Addressthe bus transmits memory addresses between the CPU and the RAM
  55. 55PCI StandardDeveloped by Intel in 1992
    supports bus speed of either 33MHz or 66MHZ and supports a 32 bit and a 64 bit bus design. In a 64 bit implementations at 66 MHz supports PCI bus slots peak of 533 MBPS
  56. 56PCIxOnly used in Servers and slowly going away pg 2-8
  57. 57PCIeexpress uses serial communication instead of the parallel communication . It is also know as a link . Each link use a bidirectional, serial, point to point connection called a lane.
  58. 58AGPdeveloped in 1997 to improve video performance, also Pnp (Plug n Play) configurable, called more that a port rather than bus
    The slots are typically brown, maroon or another dark color.
  59. 59Chipsetis one or more chips packaged in a single unit and sold together. it performs a set of functions in a computer.
  60. 60What are the two most important Chipset?Northbridge & Southbridge
  61. 61Northbridgecontrols the interactions among the CPU, Memory and Cache, AGP and PCIe video control circuitry
  62. 62SouthbridgeControls PCI expansion bus, floppy drive controller, serial, parallel and PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports
  63. 63Controller HubUse to manage data transmission in the southbridge
  64. 64USBConnects peripherals such as USB drives, card readers , a wireless mouse, keyboard etc.
  65. 65Reset ButtonCauses immediate reboot, sometimes this button is behind the front panel
  66. 66What are the components of the CPU?A control unit
    One or more execution unit
    Registers
  67. 67What does the Control Unit Do?It manages the flow of instructions and data. It is built from arithmetic logic
  68. 68ALU in the CPU does what?Calculates and compare numbers
  69. 69FPU in the Control Unite does what?Floating- point unit and is design to work with real numbers- with fractional components and are very large. Faster and more efficient
  70. 70Math coprocessoradd on chip. Intel 80386 and 80486 processors
  71. 71Corea single core processor has one execution unit
  72. 72Registersare very small, yet very fast, memory locations available on the CPU for holding instructions of data
  73. 73Microprocessorsmillions of instructions per second
  74. 74Addressable Ramtotal amount of memory accessible
  75. 75CacheHigh-speed temporary storage
  76. 76Graphics Processing UnitNewer processors, including Intel's Core I series and AMD's fusion. The unit speed video performance especially high-end gaming
  77. 77Hyper threadingan Intel technology that enables each single processor core to execute two streams of instructions at the same time sharing workload between two virtual processors when possible
  78. 78MultiprocessingThe use of more than one processor within a system, to speed programs execution Operating Systems
  79. 79Overclockingrunning the CPU at a higher speed than it was rated to run
  80. 80TCP/IPTransmission control protocol/internet Protocol
  81. 81IPX/SPXInternet Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange is a routable, proprietary protocol that was the native protocol in early versions of Novel Netware.
  82. 82Apple TalkA routable network protocol supported ty Apple Macintosh computers. Supports TCP/IP can connect to windows network without requiring Apple talk support
  83. 83Every device has to have a unique address what are those?Media Access Control
    Ipv4 address
    Ipv6 address
    Character based names
  84. 84MACMedia Access Control address uses a unique address permanently embedded in a NIC by manufacturer
  85. 85Ipv4 address32-bit address consisting of a series of four 8-bit numbers separated by periods
  86. 86IPv6 addressa 128-bit address, which can support a much bigger pool of available of address than IPv4
  87. 87MAC addressphysical address, adapter address or Ethernet address, identifies an LAN.
    Only used by devices inside the LAN
  88. 88IP AddressIPv4 & IPv6
  89. 89IPv4 address32- bit long made up of 4 bits, all address composed of two parts:
    Hosts and Host ID
  90. 90IANAInternet Assign Numbers Authority class ful IPv4 addresses
  91. 91APIPA addressingAutomatic Private IP addressing
    used only on private network and can't be used on the Internet
  92. 92Subnet Masksused to identify the network ID portion of an IP address
    allows additional addresses to be implemented
  93. 93Default gatewayis another term for the router. if the computer doesn't know how to deliver a packet, it five the packet to the default gateway to deliver
  94. 94What are the Major Wireless Standards?802.11b
  95. 95802.11a802.11g
  96. 96802.11n802.11n ==600Mbps
    2.4 or 5 Ghz frequency
    70 meters indoor & 250 meters outdoor
    Not compatible with 802.11g, b,and a
  97. 97802.11g20+ Mbps
    2.4 Ghz
    45 meter indoors
    90 meters outdoors
    Yes compatible with 802.11b
  98. 98802.11a54 Mbps
    5 Ghz
    15 meters indoor
    30 meters outdoor
    No; not compatible with 802.11b
  99. 99802.11b11 Mbps
    2.4 GHz
    50 meters indoor
    300 Meters outdoor
    Yes
  100. 100WEPWired Equivalent Privacy
    built into the 802.11 wireless connectivity standards that govern how data can be encrypted while in transfer on the wireless network. pg 11-4
    least secured
    uses a 64 bit or 128 bit symmetric encryption.
  101. 101WPAWI-FI Protected Access Personal
    developed to overcome WEP weakness
    RC4 symmetric cipher 128 -bit key
    Uses Pre-shared key (PSK)
    Uses a secret Key or Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP)
  102. 102WPA2- AESfeatures from 802.11i
    uses the advanced Encryption System (AES) cipher for stronger encryption (equivalent to IEEE802.11i)
    counter mode to provide stronger security and eliminate eavesdropping to spot data patterens
  103. 103NATcorrelates internal and external addresses
    internal addresses often private,eternal are public
    protects internal devices
    reasons for nat
    availability of address
    security
  104. 104Port AddressA device such as a router or firewall, preforms NAT service
  105. 105SATA15- pin connector; power SATA periphals
  106. 106MOLEX4-pin connector; powers hard drives; also called Optical drives
  107. 107Floppy4 - pin connector to power floppy drive; also called a Berg connector
  108. 1084/8 pinConnect PcI devices using 6 pins or a 6+2 pin configuration
  109. 10920 pin, 24 pinConnects to the motherboard, part of ATX standard
  110. 110When do we use the Voltage SwitchAllows you to select an operation voltage of 115 or 230 pg 1-25
  111. 111CPUThe chip that processes instructions, manipulate data, and controls the interaction of the other component in your computer
  112. 112Expansion SlotsSlots into which you can plug additional circuit boards to expand the capabilities of your computer
  113. 113AGP graphics adapter slotA slot into which you can plug an AGP graphics adapter card, which produces the output displayed on your monitor
  114. 114Hard Drive InterfaceA header into which you can plug calbes to connect hard drives, CD drives , and DVD drives to the system.
  115. 115Floppy DriveA header into which you can plug the cable to connect a floppy drive to the system
  116. 116Optical DriveIDE or SCSI connector to a CD or DVD to drive the system
  117. 117Random Access MemoryVolatile memory
  118. 118PS/2 mouse and keyboardPorts into which you can plug PS/2 style keyboard and mouse connectors.
  119. 119USB portOne or more ports into which you can plug cables to connect USB Drive to your PC
  120. 120Network InterfaceNetwork interface circuitry build into the motherboard to enable connections to a network without using add-on- adapter card
  121. 121Jumperssmall conductive sheaths and jumper pins are used to manually configure settings on the motherboard. Can also be used to clear or reset CMOS settings
  122. 122Audio/Modem Riser (AMR)Standard to support modems and audio cards. An AMR slots provides both audio and modem support. This slot moved analog input/output functions off the motherboard and onto an external card. AMR compatible motherboards are faster and cheaper to produce
  123. 123Communications and Networking Riser (CNR)Developed by Intel; an expansion slot of the AMR
    supports specialized modems, audio cards and network cards. Located near the edge of the motherboard
  124. 124What kinds of slots does the motherboard has?AMR or CNR
  125. 125Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI)Intel Corp. developed in 1992, bus speed 33MHz or 66MHZ; supports both 32-bit and a 64 bit bus design. NOTE** in a 64 bit implementation of 66MHz the PCI bus supports a peak transfer of 533MBps
  126. 126DIMMDirect Memory Execute transfer all the AGP adapter.
  127. 127Dot PitchThe measurement between the same spot in two vertical adjacent color dots trios. Expressed in millimeters or dot per inch. It tells how sharp the image will be
  128. 128Resolutiondefined by how many software picture elements (pixels) are being used to draw the screen. higher resolution, means more image can be displayed on the screen. Disadvantage is that the image appears to be smaller
  129. 129Video CardUsed to store rendered screen images and are used to store images on a screen. The video card can affect the images on the screen if it doesn't have enough memory
  130. 130CSMA/CDset of rules determines how network responds when two devices attempt to use data channel simultaneously.
  131. 131What is CompTIA's A+ Troubleshooting model?Identify the problem
    Establish a theory
    Test the Theory to determine the cause
    Establish a plan of action to resolve the problem or implement the solution
    Verify Full system functions
    Documents Finding
  132. 132Identify the problemAsk Questions of the user and determining any changes the user has made to the computer. Perform a backup before making changes
  133. 133Establish a theory a probable causeAnalyze the problem, including potential causes to determine if its hardware or software
  134. 134Test the theory to determine actual causeTest components related to the problem. This process includes inspecting components for obvious things:
  135. 135Establish a plan of actionCreate a plan to resolve the problem and the implement the solution in your plan
  136. 136Verify full system FunctionsVerify the results and if necessary , take additional steps to correct the proble,
  137. 137Document the FindingsDocument actions you took to correct the problem, as well as outcome of those actions. ( Microsoft Help and Support)
  138. 138When you troubleshoot hardware what do you look for?Loose, broken, damage, or improperly wired cables
    broken or malfunctioning network devices
    to verify network activity by checking blinking LED or link lights on network devices such as routers or hubs
  139. 139Event ViewerUse to monitor events
    determine cause of problems with application, components of operating system, suspected security breach
  140. 140What are the Event Viewer events?Application
    Security
    System
    Warnings, aren't immediate a problem but it could become a problem
  141. 141—

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220-801 CompTIA Fichas sobre PC Hardware , creado por felicia.range99 el 21/04/2016.
Creado por
felicia.range99 · abr 2016
Actualizado
6 abr 2018
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