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Isotopes
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- 1Isotopes1) atoms of an element with the same proton number but with different nucleon number.
- 2Isotopes of an element have same:1) chemical properties (determined by v.e.)
2) proton number
3) number of electron
4) valence electron - 3Isotopes have different physical properties because:1) different number of neutrons
2) nucleon number
3) rate of diffusion. - 4Isotopic composition of an element is constantThe percentage abundance of the isotopes of an element is a constant, regardless of the source of the element.
- 5Stability Of Isotopes1) depends on the neutron to proton ratio.
2) as the proton number increases, the number of neutrons will exceed the number of protons. ( to overcome the repulsive forces between the protons in the small nucleus.
3) isotopes that lie outside the stability belt are unstable : radioisotopes (undergo radioactive decay spontaneously)
4) isotopes with a proton number greater than 83 are unstable.
5) radioisotopes decay and emit alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays. - 6alpha decayleads to the formation of an isotope with a decrease in 2unitsbof the proton number and a decrease in four units of the nucleon number.
- 7beta decay1) forms an isotope with no change in the nucleon number and an increase by one unit of the proton number.
2) the decay will continue until a stable isotope is formed. - 8EXTRA NOTES1) The stability of a radioisotope is measured by it's half-life.
2) A neutral atom has an equal number of protons and electrons
Información
- Descripción
- Flashcards on Isotopes, created by Yong Cheng Lai on 18/05/2016.
- Creado por
- Yong Cheng Lai
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