Chapter 4 Study Plan

Chapter 4 Study Plan

1. Learning and Human Nurture

   • Learning=process that produces a lasting change in behavior
     • Change must be ongoing/persistant
     • Without learning, we would have to rely on simple reflexes/innate behaviors
     • Forms of learning: Simple & Complex
       • Simple: just being exposed
         • Habituation=method where people learn not to respond to presentation of a stimuli
           • Ex: Sound of honking in the city->people dont ever respond to it
         • Mere exposure effect= a learned preference for stimuli to which we have been previously exposed
       • Complex: more steps in process
         • Behavioral learning= Classical & Operent conditioning
           • Classical= when a natural or unconditioned stimulus is paired with a conditioned stimulus which elicits a conditioned response
             • unconditioned: Unlearned/ natural response
             • Conditioned:Learned from expierence
               • Extinction HOWEVER occurs when a conditioned response dissapears after repeated presentations of the conditioned stimulus by itself without unconditioned stimulus
           • Operant= when the probability of a response is changed by its consequences
             • Law of effect: behavior that leads to a pleasant/unpleasant result that will determine if behavior is repeated