B063

B063

1. Computer Hardware & Networking

   • Wide area network: a computer network in which the computers connected may be far apart, generally having a radius of more than 1 km.
     • Usually consists of two or more LANs (Local Area Network)
   • Local area network: a computer network that links devices within a building or group of adjacent buildings, especially one with a radius of less than 1 km.
     • Typically, connected devices share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area.
   • Advantages of computer networks include: easy file sharing, resource sharing as well as inexpensive setup, flexible handling (meaning a user can log on to a computer anywhere on the network and access their own files) and increased storage capacity.
     • Benefits of wireless networking: file sharing, peripheral sharing (printers, scanners etc.), internet connection sharing, multiplayer games and VoIP
   • Disadvantages of computer networks include: concerns in terms of security, including the risk of viruses and malware. Lack of robustness (if the mainframe server goes down, then the whole network is at a standstill) and lack of independence.

2. Software

   • An electronic health record (EHR) is an official health record for an individual that is shared among multiple facilities and agencies. Digitized health information systems are expected to improve efficiency and quality of care and, ultimately, reduce costs.
     • An EHR usually includes: •Contact information. •Information about visits to health care professionals. •Allergies. •Insurance information. •Family history. •Immunization status. •Information about any conditions or diseases. •A list of medications. •Records of hospitalization. •Information about any surgeries or procedures performed.
   • Databases
     • Advantages of databases include: reduced data redundancy, Reduced updating errors and increased consistency, Greater data integrity and independence from applications, Improved data access to users through use of host and query languages, Improved data security and reduced data entry, storage and retrieval costs.
     • Disadvantages of databases include: database systems and programmes are complex, difficult and time-consuming to create. Substantial hardware and software initial costs, damage to the database affects all applications. Finally, initial training is required if the user is not already experienced in creating databases.