Coastal erosion

Coastal erosion

1. The geology of the area

   • Litology of the rock
     • Diferential eroision
       • Holderness - Glacial till - 2 metres per year eroded
       • Chalk - South East - 0.3 metres per year eroded
       • Granite - South West - 0.001 metres per year eroded
   • Rock type
     • E.g less reistant is Limestone

2. Human Activity

   • Sea defence
     • Managed retreat
     • Hold the line
     • Advance retreat
   • Coastal settlements
     • This would cause the cliff matrial to be pull down on more

3. Location

   • Techtonic Issues
     • How the rock is angled
     • Formation of Tsunamies
   • How exposed the area is
     • Headlands tend to be exposed
       • Can be concordent or discordent
     • Formation of storms

4. Aeolian Processes

5. Waves

   • Wave Diffraction
   • Types
     • Destructive
     • Constructive
   • Wave refraction

6. Weathering

   • Physical
     • Thermal expansion
     • Freeze Thaw weathering
       • More likely to happen in the north
   • Biological
     • Piddock fish dig into the rock
     • Vegetation force cracks open

7. Longshore drift

   • No material to prevent erosion

8. Acid rain

9. Coastal Landforms

   • Shore platforms
     • Wave-cut platforms
       • High-tide platforms
       • Low tide platforms
       • Most frequently found in high energy environments
       • Steep cliffs are replaced by lengthening platforms and a lower angle cliff
         • Having been subjected to marine processes
   • Coves
     • Form because there is a weakness in the rock, and the sea takes advantage of this
     • Example; Lulworth cove
       • Created when the limestone wall was breached during the periglacial period
       • The Chalk has not been eroded because of wave refraction on the bay
   • Headlands
     • Example of a stump:Old Harry, Dorset
     • Example of an Arch; Green Bridge of Wales

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