MIGRATION MODEL

MIGRATION MODEL

1. Internal Migration

   • Internal migration is the movement of people from one defined area to another within a country.
     • Example: These figures reveal an alarming internal migration rate and a trend towards urbanization of the rural population.

2. International Migration

   • International migration involves people crossing state boundaries and staying in the host state for a minimum length of time.
     • Example: Polish people moving to the UK in recent years.

3. Emigration

   • Emigration - when someone leaves a country.
     • Example: If you live in Ireland and you move to the United States and try to set up permanent citizenship

4. Immigration

   • Immigration - when someone enters a country.
     • Example: Woman who moves from Mexico to the United States.

5. Reasons Why People Migrate?

   • Conflict-Induced Displacement: civil war, generalized violence, and persecution on the grounds of nationality, race, religion, political opinion or social group.
     • Development-Induced Displacement : infrastructure projects such as dams, roads, ports, airports; urban clearance initiatives; mining and deforestation; and the introduction of conservation parks/reserves and biosphere projects.
       • Disaster-Induced Displacement : natural disasters (floods, volcanoes, landslides, earthquakes), environmental change (deforestation, desertification, land degradation, global warming) and human-made disasters (industrial accidents, radioactivity).

6. Refugee

   • Those who changes their country of usual residence, irrespective of the reason for migration or legal status.
     • Example: Syrian refugees in neighboring countries

7. Factors:

   • Pull Factors
     • Are those factors in the destination country that attract the individual or group to leave their home. Those factors are known as place utility, which is the desirability of a place that attracts people. Better economic opportunities, more jobs, and the promise of a better life often pull people into new locations.
   • Push factors
     • Are those that force the individual to move voluntarily, and in many cases, they are forced because the individual risk something if they stay. Push factors may include conflict, drought, famine, or extreme religious activity.

8. Forced Migration

   • is “a general term that refers to the movements of refugees and internally displaced people (those displaced by conflicts within their country of origin) as well as people displaced by natural or environmental disasters, chemical or nuclear disasters, famine, or development projects.” ç

9. Bibliography:

   • The Geographer Online. (2019). IB DP Geography UNIT 1: CHANGING POPULATION. Retrieved December 9, 2019, from https://www.thegeographeronline.net/2-changing-populations-and-places.html#ajsection-8

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