Types of Data

Types of Data

1. A goal of statistics is to make inferences, or generalizations, about a population.

   • we have 2 types
     • We also need to know the difference between quantitative data and categorical data,
       • the terms parameter and statistic. These new terms are used to distinguish between cases in which we have data for an entire population, and cases in which we have data for a sample only
         • A parameter is a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a population.
         • A statistic is a numerical measurement describing some characteristic of a sample.
         • Some data sets consist of numbers representing counts or measurement The terms quantitative data and categorical data distinguish between these types.
           • Quantitative: data consist of numbers representing counts or measurements.
             • Quantitative data can be further described by distinguishing between discrete and continuous types
               • Discrete data result when the number of possible values is either a finite number or a “countable” number
               • Continuous (numerical) data result from infinitely many possible values that correspond to some continuous scale that covers a range of values without gaps
           • Categorical: data consist of names or labels that are not numbers representing counts or measurements.
           • The nominal level of measurement is characterized by data that consist of names, labels, or categories only
             • Another common way of classifying data is to use four levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio
               • The nominal level of measurement is characterized by data that consist of names, labels, or categories only
               • Data are at the ordinal level of measurement if they can be arranged in some order, but differences
               • The interval level of measurement is like the ordinal level, with the additional property that the difference between any two data values is meaningful
               • The ratio level of measurement is the interval level with the additional property that there is also a natural zero starting point

2. STATISTICS

   • INFORMATION SCIENCE OF CHANGE THE PLANNING STUFIES
     • WE HAVE TO FOLOW THESE STEPS
       • 1 COLLECTED DATA
         • 2. ORGANIZED
           • 3.SUMMARIZED
             • 4. PRESENTED
               • 5. ANALYZED
                 • 6, INTERRUPTED
                   • 7. CUNCLUSION
                     • 8. GRAPHIC
     • VAIRIABLES POPULATION COLLECTION OF OF ELEMENTS, CAN BE PEOPLE OF THINGS INDIVIDUALS
       • SAMPLE, CENSUS, PARAMETERS