Waves

Waves

1. Mechanical

   • Relies on particles and oscillation. they move relative to their equilibrium
   • Examples: water waves, seismic waves, waves on string and sound waves

2. Longitudinal

   • Particles move forward and backwards in the same direction
   • Examples: sound waves, ultra sound

3. Electromagnetic

   • Electric fields and magnetic fields cause electromagnetic waves
   • Radiowave
     • Lowest Frequency wave
   • Light
     • Medium frequency wave
   • Gamma
     • Highest frequency wave

4. Transverse

   • Particles move side to side
   • Examples: electromagnetic waves, waves on a string, water waves

5. Progressive waves

   • Moves energy along

6. Key words: oscillation, velocity, electromagnetic, longitudinal, transverse, mechanical, wavelength, amplitude, phase difference

7. Jelly Baby Model

   • Shows how the energy moves as waves
   • The waves move up and down when shown on a graph
   • The graph shows displacement from the equilibrium and the distance along the wave
   • In-phase means they are at the same point
   • Phase difference is the next point on the graph. Measured in degrees
   • 360 in one complete wave cycle
   • Time period is the amount of time it takes for a point to reach the same point further along the graph. Symbol is T
   • Amplitude is maximum displacement always positive no matter what

8. Standing waves

   • Mainly stores energy

9. Wavelength is the distance from one peak to another or one trough to another

10. EQUATIONS

    • T∝1/f, T=1/f , f=1/T
    • V=x/t
    • V=x/t=λ/T
    • V=fλ
    • c=fλ only EM waves

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