Atomic structure and the periodic table

Atomic structure and the periodic table

1. Atoms, elements and compounds

   • The periodic table
     • Elements are arranged into groups with similar properties. Groups are numbered from 1 to 7 then 0
     • metal are on the left of the stepped line and non-metals are on the right
   • Chemical formulae
     • Some non-metal elements are made up of 2 atoms joined together. for example Br2
     • Of compounds
       • A compound is a substance that contains 2 or more elements
         • For example - Sodium chloride = NaCl
   • Chemical formulae of ions
     • Is a charged particle formed when an atom or a group of atoms loses or gains electrons
     • For example - Sodium = Na+
   • Word equations
     • represents a chemical reaction using the names of the substances involved
   • Balanced equations
     • represents a chemical reaction using reactants and products

2. Mixtures

   • Pure substances
     • consists only of one element or compound
   • A mixture consists of two or more different substances
   • separating mixtures
     • can be separated by physical processes
   • Filtration and crystallisation
     • Filtration is used to seperate an insoluble solid from a liquid
     • Crystallisation is used to produce solid crystals
   • Distillation
     • used to separate a solvent from a solution
   • Chromatography
     • used to separate mixtures of soluble substances

3. Atomic structure

4. The periodic table

5. Groups in the periodic table

6. Transition metals