Atomic Chemistry Mind Map

Atomic Chemistry Mind Map

1. Solids, liquids and gases

   • All substances are made up of particles
     • The particles are attracted to each other
       • Some strongly, some weakly
     • The particles move around
       • They are described as having kinetic energy
   • Solid
     • Small amount of energy
       • They vibrate
       • Particles can not change places
         • Held tightly together
           • Touching each other
           • High density
           • Littles space for the particles
             • Cannot be compressed
           • Regular agreement
             • Crystal lattice
         • Cannot diffuse
     • Particles are close together
       • Has a fixed shape
   • Liquid
     • More energy than in solids
       • Can move, change places
         • Takes shape of container
         • Can diffuse
     • Random arrangement
     • Particles are close together
       • Touch each other
         • Fairly high density
       • Little space
         • Cannot be compressed
   • Gas
     • Large amount of energy
       • Particles move around quickly in all directions
         • Has no fixed shape
         • Can diffuse
     • Spaced far apart
       • Low density
       • Can be compressed
     • Random arrangement
   • Diffusion
     • Movement of particles
       • Spreads out and mixes with other particles
     • Occurs in liquids & gases
       • Not soilds
       • Quicker for gases
     • Quicker in heat

2. Periodic Trends

   • Reactiviy
     • An atoms tendency to react with other atoms
       • (Donate of receive an atom)
     • Increases
       • Non-metals
         • Elements to the right of the metalloids to the right of the stepwise ladder
         • From left to right
         • Bottom to top
       • Metals
         • Elements to the left of the stepwise division on the periodic table
         • Top to bottom
         • Right to left
   • Atomic Radius
     • The radius of an atom
     • Increases
       • Top to bottom
       • Right to left
   • Electronegativity
     • The tendency of an atom to attract electrons to itself when chemically combined with another atom
     • Increases
       • Left to right
         • Noble gases is the exception
           • They have no electronegativity
       • Bottom to the top
       • Diagonally over the table towards the right top corner

3. Molecule

   • non-metal + non-metal
   • Covalent bonding
     • Sharing of electrons

4. Ion

   • non-metal + metal
   • Donate or receive an electron
   • Attracted from opposite charges
     • Crystals

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