Migration in the past and present

Migration in the past and present

1. Describe the role that migrations have played in the past and present of humanity.

2. Describe the role that migrations have played in the past and present of humanity

   • Migration in the past
     • Mobility is a human’s characteristic. In many ways, the history has shown people's movement from one place to another, even from one continent to another. With the discovery of agriculture, the human groups were becoming sedentary. As the population grew, they needed new territories where to live. The biggest part of them was forcedly mobilized, not by factors of nature, but by the action of other human beings. Then, in 2000 years of human history, population mobility has been very important.
   • Migration and modernity
     • In modernity, in the 16th century, millions of people left Europe to conquer, almost always by force, new territories in America, Africa and Oceania. In some cases that action reached genocide. With the development of commercial relations, around 10 million people from Africa were violently displaced and subjected to slavery by the colonial system, mainly in America. During industrialization, in the 19th and 20th centuries there were large displacements of people from the countryside to the cities where the factories were. More than 50 million people from Europe migrated to America, where the capitalist system expanded. In the post-industrial era, the meaning of migration changed. Europe and the United States begin to be the main points of destination for the population from America, Africa and Asia.
   • Globalization
     • With globalization, conditions were created for countries to eliminate customs barriers and products and capitals circulate around the world without restrictions, supported by the development of the leading economy and knowledge economy. The migration of the business sector and highly qualified professionals from poor countries to First World countries was facilitated. 740 million people who have permanently changed their residence within their countries.

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