Unit 2 Revision

Unit 2 Revision

1. Fuels

   • a fuel is a substance that is burned giving out energy
   • dead animals, subjected to heat and pressure, formed over millions of years

2. fractional distillation

   • gasoline > pertrol > naptha > kerosine > diesel oil > fuel oil || residue

3. quantity of energy released

   • fuel - porridge || inital temp - 31 || highest temp - 40 || temp difference - 9
     • porridge - Eh = cm∆t | 4.18 x 0.005Kg x 4 | KJKG-1 oc-1| 0.0836KJ

4. hydrocarbon

   • hydrocarbons are compounds containing carbon and hydrogen only
   • alkanes are the simplest family of hydrocarbons
   • alkanes; methane | ethane | propane | butane | pentane | hextane | heptane | octane
   • Shortened Structural Formula; Octane | CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
   • Full Structural Formula - H-C-H
   • General Formula = 2C + 2N