Misleading info

Misleading info

1. Loftus

   • stop/yield sign 1978
   • smash/collide 1974
   • face recog 1980

2. susceptibility

   • retention interval
     • empathy, introversion, visual imagery
       • mistrust own memory

3. cog aspect?

   • original memory distorted by integration with PEI
   • questioned e.g. response bias not memory bias
     • insufficient encoding
       • retention interval diminishes effect
         • not permanent alteration

4. Source monitoring

   • differentiate between memory info and misleading info
   • reality, internal, external
     • can resist misinfo - original memory still intact
       • delay, imagery, b/g knowledge
         • can all prevent differentiation

5. Reconstruction

   • War of the ghosts
   • schemas can influence memory
     • top down
     • use actual memory and schema to fill in blanks
       • if schema fits misinfo - misinfo effect strengthens
         • memory actively constructed not a whole entity

6. Social influences

   • credibility of source
   • co-witness influences whether direct or indirect
     • social desire to conform
       • co-witness effect even with warning

7. Social and cog aspects

   • both important
     • key social influences
       • normative - desire to conform
         • and for social approval
       • informational
         • desire to be accurate