P6 - waves

P6 - waves

1. Amplitude

   • The height of the wave above the centre line

2. Wavelength

   • The distance between two identical points on a wave e.g. two peakes
     • The units of wavelength are metres

3. Frequency

   • How many waves go past in one second
     • The units frequency are Hertz

4. Pitch

   • How high or low sound is

5. Volume

   • How loud the sound is

6. Microphone

   • Takes sound waves and turns them into electrical signals

7. Speaker

   • Takes electrical signals and turns them into a sound wave

8. Types of waves

   • Longitudinal
     • The waves move in the direction of travel
       • Like sound waves
     • Compression - where the particles are far apart
       • Rarefaction - where the particles are far apart
   • Transverse
     • The waves move across the direction of travel
       • Like light waves or water waves

9. The ear

   • Pinna
     • Ear canal
       • Ear drum
         • Ossicles
           • Cochlea
             • Auditory Nerve
               • Brain
             • Tiny hairs move and convert the sound wave in to an electical sgnal
           • Hammer, Anvil, Stirrup

10. The speed of sound

    • Sound travels faster in solids
    • In water sound travels at 150ml/s
    • In air sound travels at 3m/s
    • Sound does not travel in a vacuum

11. 1) The tuning fork vibrates

    • 2) The vibrations of the tuning fork are passed to the air particles
      • 3) The air particles vibrate
        • 4) The ear drum vibrates
          • 5) The ear bones vibrate
            • 6) Hairs in the cochlea vibrate
              • 7) A message is sent to the brain along the auditory nerve