Operating systems

Operating systems

1. functions

   • manage RAM and run applications
   • Manage CPU
   • manage information for the proper functioning of the PC
   • manage files

2. examples

   • Windows
     • MacOS
       • IOS
         • Android
           • Linux

3. Components

   • File system
     • It is the registry of files where they acquire a tree structure.
   • interpretation of commands
     • their function is to communicate the commands given by the user in a language that the hardware can interpret
   • Core
     • It allows operation on basic issues such as communication, data input and output, process management and memory, among others.

4. Characteristics of an operating system

   • program execution
   • licensing
   • software compatibility
   • complexity

5. Computer Science Revision

   • CPU
     • CPU takes instructions from a program or application and performs a calculation
       • This process breaks down into three key stages: Fetch, decode, and execute
         • A CPU fetches the instruction from RAM, decodes what the instruction actually is, and then executes the instruction using relevant parts of the CPU
     • onsists of multiple cores that allow it to perform multiple instructions at once, effectively cramming several CPUs on a single chip
     • components
       • Buses
         • Adress
           • Unidirectional
         • Data
           • bi - directional
         • control
           • bi - directional
       • Control unit
         • component of the pc that manages instructions
       • arithmetic logic unit
         • component of the CPU that performs arithmetic and logic calculations
       • register
         • section of high speed memory within the cpu that stores data to be processed
       • cache
         • a piece of temporary memory (RAM, storage disk, CPU)
       • clock
         • component of the cpu that sends out regular pulses
           • its job is to synchronise with the computers hardware components