Jazz

Jazz

1. Swing (1930s)

   • Big Band
     • It Don’t Mean a Thing (If It Ain’t Got That Swing) (1932) by Duke Ellington
     • Sing, Sing, Sing (With a Swing) (1936) by Benny Goodman
     • The Kid From Red Bank (1958) by Count Basie
     • West Side Story Medley (1966) by Buddy Rich
   • Notable Artists
     • Duke Ellington
     • Count Basie
     • Coleman Hawkins
     • Lester Young
     • Roy Eldridge
   • Characteristics
     • Large ensembles, less improvisation, more emphasis on written arrangements.
     • Emphasis on showmanship (band uniforms, theme songs, logos on stands, choreography, singers).
     • Development of sections (saxes, trumpets, trombones, rhythm) based on the early model of the front line in New Orleans/Chicago Style Dixieland
     • Smoother swing feel (steady 4/4 time with emphasis on beats 2 & 4, walking bass, ride cymbal).

2. Modern Jazz (1940s)

   • Bebop
     • Blue 'N' Boogie (1950) by Charlie Parker
     • The Eternal Triangle (1957) by Dizzy Gillespie
     • Bouncing with Bud (1949) by Bud Powell
   • Cool Jazz
     • Makin' Whoopee (1953) by Gerry Mulligan
     • Django (1956) by John Lewis
     • S-H-I-N-E (1955) by Stan Getz
   • Jazz Fusion
     • Don't Look Now (1967) by The Free Spirits
     • Shhh/Peaceful (1969) by Miles Davis
     • I’m a Fool to Want You Song (1962) by Donald Byrd
   • Characteristics
     • Harmonic complexity
     • Less melody, more progression
     • Inclusion of classical styles
     • Rhythmic complexity
     • Improvisation with allusive, eclectic melodic tags
   • Notable Artists
     • John Coltrane
     • Boney James
     • Esperanza Spalding
     • Kamasi Washington
     • Kenny G

3. Early Jazz (1920s)

   • Ragtime
     • Rusty Rags (1901) by Vess L. Ossman
     • Temptation Rag (1910) by Arthur Pryor's Band
     • St. Louis Rag (1904) by Pryor's Orchestra
     • Operatic Rag (1916) by Joseph Moskowitz
     • King of the Bungaloos (1917) by Gene Greene
   • Dixieland
     • When the Saints Go Marching In (1938) by Louis Armstrong
     • Muskrat Ramble (1926) by Louis Armstrong
     • Tiger Rag (1917) by The Original Dixieland Jazz Band
     • Basin Street Blues (1928) by Louis Armstrong
   • Characteristics
     • Use of collective improvisation (polyphony).
     • Front line of trumpet (or cornet), clarinet, trombone.
   • Notable Artists
     • Louis Armstrong
     • Bix Beiderbecke
     • Jelly Roll Morton
     • Sidney Bechet
     • Earl "Fatha" Hines