LEGO Robots

LEGO Robots

1. Prescribed Criteria

   • 1 - Follow a safe path to the exit.
     • Robot will not touch the obstacle
     • Robot will stay on the black line
     • Robot will use colour sensor to detect black line
     • Robot will stay on the mat
   • 2 - Use sensor to identify any dangers or obstacles.
     • Robot will use distance sensor to identify any dangers or obstacles
     • The code will contain a block concerning the distance sensor
     • Robot will not run into the object identified by the distance sensor
     • Distance sensor will identify any dangers or obstacles at 10cm away
   • 3 - Use sensor(s) to avoid or manoeuvre any dangers or obstacles.
     • Use colour sensor to avoid any dangers or obstacles
     • Use distance sensor to identify any dangers or obstacles
     • Use colour sensor to identify when the robot is back on the black
     • After distance sensor identifies a danger or obstacle, robot will manoeuvre around it
   • 4 - Complete a room-specific challenge.
     • Robot will complete the ‘Poison Ivy Challenge’
     • Robot will follow the black line
     • Robot will not touch the obstacle
     • Robot will navigate around the obstacle

2. Self-Determined Criteria

   • Robot will detect the obstacle with the distance sensor
     • Robot will display smiley face once detected the obstacle
     • Robot will change light colour to green
     • Robot will detect the obstacle at 10cm away using the distance
     • Robot will play short sound after detecting the obstacle

3. Spike Prime Robots

   • The Lego Spike Prime Robots are created through combining colourful Lego building elements, easy-to-use hardware, and an intuitive drag-and-drop coding language based on Scratch.
   • The Spike Prime Robots have three main sensors -- a touch sensor, a distance sensor, and a colour sensor. It also has two wheels/motors.

4. Coding Constructs

   • The main block types used in coding the Spike Prime Robots are Movement, Motors, Light, Sound, Events, Control, Sensors, Operators, and Variables.

5. Pseudocode Constructs and Language

   • Sequence
     • A set of instructions that are processed one after the other.
   • Assignment (with variables)
     • Assignment is storing a value in a variable
     • Also, in programming the variables are given meaningful names that relate to the data they contain
   • Selection and Condition
     • A selection statement uses a condition to select which line of the program will be used next
     • An IF statement checks if a condition is true
     • If you want to execute another set of statements when the condition is false, then you can use the ‘if....else’ statement
   • Iteration
     • Iteration is also called repetition and is used when something is repeated over and over again, so anything where the program goes round in a loop
   • Modularisation
     • Pseudocode always starts and ends with the BEGIN/START and END/STOP keywords.
   • FOR loops
     • A FOR loop is used when it is known exactly how many times to go round the loop.
   • WHILE loops
     • A WHILE loop is used when it is unknown exactly how many times to go round the loop, so it only loops while an existing criteria such as 'while distance is greater than 5cm' exists.

6. Planned Responses / Routes

   • Robot will follow black line using the colour sensor, then use the distance sensor to sense the obstacle from 10cm away. Once the obstacle is sensed, the robot's light will shine green, and it will display a smiley face and a play a short sound. It will then turn right, then go straight until it is alongside the obstacle, then turn left, then go straight until it is in front of the box, then it will turn left and return to the black line. It will then follow the black line until it reaches the end area.