Learning part 2

Learning part 2

1. Operant conditioning

   • preforming some behavior on/to the environment
   • B.F. Skinner: behaviorist
   • Reinforcement
     • consequence that increases the probability of repeating a behavior
     • positive
       • something positive has been added to the environment
     • negative
       • something negative has been removed
     • primary
       • biological necessity: food, water
     • secondary
       • no survival value, but take on value of primary
   • punishment
     • positive
       • something negative is added
     • negative
       • something positive has been taken away
     • not as effective and reinforcement
   • complex behavior
     • an action an animal would never do spontaneously
     • shaping
       • rewarding any behavior that is a step towards final behavior
     • chaining
       • attempting to teach a sequence of behaviors; last to first
   • Continuous reinforcement schedule (fixed)
     • reinforced every time
   • partial reinforcement schedule (variable)
     • reinforce most times
   • interval schedule
     • based from time (seconds)
   • ratio schedule
     • based from how many times the behavior is done
   • environmental context
     • the context in which we learned the behavior becomes associated w/behavior
   • discriminative stimulus
     • environmental cue that signals when it is appropriate to preform behavior
   • continous schedule
     • least resistant to extinction