Chapter 1: Measurement

Chapter 1: Measurement

1. Base Quantities & SI Unit

   • Length
     • m, metres
   • Mass
     • kg, kilogram
   • Time
     • s, second
   • Temperature
     • K, kelvin
   • Luminous Intensity
     • cd, candela
   • Amount of substance
     • mol, mole

2. Measuring Instruments

   • Tape Measure
     • 0.1 cm
   • Metre Rule
     • 0.1 cm
     • Reduce random error
     • Correct zero error
     • Avoid parallax error
   • Vernier Calipers
     • 0.01 cm
     • Correct zero error
       • + {0 (vernier) > 0 (main)}
       • - {0 (vernier) < 0 (main)}
   • Micrometer Screw Gauge
     • 0.001cm
     • Correct zero error
       • + {0 (main) ^ 0 (thimble)
       • - {0 (thimble) ^ 0 (main)

3. Simple pendulum

   • One oscillation
     • Each couple to-and fro motion
   • Period
     • Time taken for one complete oscillation
     • Dependent on length of pendulum
   • Minimise random error
     • human reaction time
       • 0.3s - 0.5s
       • 1. Repeat readings
         • 2. Take average