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7.1 Internet Protocols
- Ethernet
- Used to operate LAN
(Local Area Network)
- Made up of
- Data sending/receiving
devices (ex: PC, printers)
- Data packets
receiving/forwarding
network devices (ex: hubs,
switches, routers)
- Medium connecting device
(Twisted pair, fibre optic,
coaxial cable)
- Data sending/receiving
devices (ex: PC, printers)
- Used to operate LAN
(Local Area Network)
- TCP/IP
- TCP - ensures accurate data
transmission
- Removes duplicates
- Handshakes another copy if it does
not arrive within certain time
- Connection-oriented
service - requires
handshaking before data
exchange
- Congestion control - limits speed
of data tranfer
- Reduces congestion and
loss of data
- Lack of speed and
delays
- Unsuitable for real-time
application
- Unsuitable for real-time
application
- Reduces congestion and
loss of data
- Removes duplicates
- IP - deliver to correct address
- Every device on network has an IP address
- Consists of 4 bytes of data
- Byte - eight binary digits/bits
- Byte - eight binary digits/bits
- Consists of 4 bytes of data
- Data divided into packets (with
destination and source IP
addresses)
- TCP - ensures accurate data
transmission
- Handshaking
- Allow communication -
recognise and agree
- Parity check - verifying
data has been
transmitted accurately
- Protocol which makes the bytes of
data even - adds an additional byte
(0/1)
- Protocol which makes the bytes of
data even - adds an additional byte
(0/1)
- Allow communication -
recognise and agree
- UDP
- Connectionless service
- no handshaking
required
- Just send data
packets
- Connectionless service
- no handshaking
required
- FTP
- One layer above
- One layer above
- HTTP
- Telnet
- SSH
- Protocol Layers
- 1 Physical
Nota:
- Data transmitted bit by bit from device to device
- Modems
- 2 Data link
Nota:
- Acts upon request for services from network layer and physical layer
- WiFi
- Ethernet
- 3 Network/Internet
Nota:
- responsible for: -forwarding packets -routing -dealing with TCP/IP protocols
- Internet protocol (IP)
- 4 Transport
Nota:
- -Responsible for dividing transmitting data into smaller packets -Adds address of source and destination
- Transmission
control protocol
(TCP)
- User datagram
protocol (UDP)
- 5 Application
Nota:
- Consists of protocols that use transport layer to deliver services to network layer
- File transfer
protocol (FTP)
- Hypertext
transfer protocol
(HTTP)
- Telecommunication
network (Telnet)
- Secure shell
(SSH)
- 1 Physical
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