Chapter 5 Notes

Chapter 5 Notes

1. Modern Operating Systems

   • Multi-user - Two or more users have individual accounts that allow them to work with programs and peripheral devices at the same time.
     • Multitasking - The computer is capable of operating multiple applications at the same time
       • Multiprocessing - The operating system can support two or more CPUs.
         • Multithreading allows different parts of a program to be run at the same time.
   • x86
     • A 32-bit architecture that processes multiple instructions using a 32-bit address space. An x86 processor uses fewer registers than an x64 processor
     • x64
       • his 64-bit architecture adds additional registers specifically for instructions that use a 64-bit address space. The additional registers allow the CPU to process instructions much faster than x86
   • Linux
     • Linux was introduced in the late 1960s and is one of the oldest operating systems. Linus Torvalds designed Linux in 1991 as an open-source OS. Open-source programs allow the source code to be distributed and changed by anyone as a free download or by developers at a much lower cost than other operating systems.
   • Apple Mac OS
     • Apple computers are Intel-based PCs and use an operating system called Mac OS. Mac OS is designed to be a user-friendly GUI operating system.

2. OS Terms and Characteristics

   • Control hardware access
     • Manage files and folders
       • Provide a user interface
         • Manage applications

3. A NOS contains additional features to increase functionality and manageability in a networked environment. A NOS has the following characteristics:

   • Supports multiple users
     • Runs multi-user applications
       • Provides increased security compared to desktop operating systems

4. RAM Hard disk drive CPU Video adapter card Motherboard