Atoms & Elements

Atoms & Elements

1. Atomic Structure

   • The Nucleus is in the middle of the atom
     • The Nucleus Contains Protons & Neutrons
       • Protons are positively charged
         • Neutrons have no charge
         • This makes the Nucleus positively charged

2. Electrons

   • The electrons move around the nucleus
   • They're negatively charged
   • They're tiny but they cover a lot of space
   • They occupy shells around the nucleus

3. Atoms

   • They have no overall charge
   • The charge on the electron is the same as the charge on the neutron - but opposite
   • The number of protons is always equal to the number of electrons
   • If electrons are added or removed it becomes charged. This is then called an ion.

4. Elements

   • It's the number of protons in the Nucleus that decides what kind of atom it is
   • EXAMPLE: An atom with one proton in it's nucleus is hydrogen and an atom with two protons is helium.
   • If a substance consists of only one type of atom - its an element
   • There are over 100 different elements. They are all the things on the periodic table.