LOGICAL THINKING

LOGICAL THINKING

1. Computer

   • Made of
     • Hardware
       • Electrical, mechanical and electronic components
     • Software
       • Programs that are the instructions that tell the device what to do
   • Basic components
     • Input
       • Components that allow the data and instructions to enter to the computer
         • Keyboard
         • Pointer (mouse)
         • Microphone
         • Video camera
         • Scanners
         • Biometric devices (facial, voice, iris or retinal recognition devices)
     • Output
       • Components that shows information to their users
         • Monitor
         • Flat screen monitors
           • Liquid Crystal Display
           • Plasma
           • LED
         • Printer
           • Laser
           • 3D
           • Ink sublimation
           • Thermal
           • Solid ink
           • Dot matrix
         • Earphones
         • Fax machine
         • Multifunctional devices (MFP). Useful in printing, copying, faxing and scanning
         • Storage devices (secondary memory)
           • CD
           • USB memory
           • Hard disk

2. Information processig

   • Made of users, procedures, software, hardware and data
   • Information system steps
     • Input
       • Processing
         • Output
           • Storage
     • Can be compared with some body functions
   • Electronic devices understands 2 physical states
     • Along
     • Digital
     • Binary system
   • Images
     • Bitmaps
       • Points or pixels that have an assigned color which can be a code composed of a group of 8, 16, 24 or 32 bits
       • Videos are digitalized in this form
     • Vectors
       • Mathematical equations that describes the size, form, width, position, color and lines
   • ASCII code
     • American Standard Code for Information Interchange, represents 129 characters with a combination of 8 bits

3. Data

   • Facts or pieces of information that when isolated do not make much sense to the people
   • Classification
     • Numerical
       • Integer, decimal, positive or negative numbers that will be used for arithmetic or logical operations
     • Alphanumeric
       • Combination of numbers, letter and special characters
     • Audiovisual
       • That can be watched and listened (voice, music, drawings, videos, etc.)
     • Physical
       • Data taken from the environment (light intensity, blood pressure, etc.)
   • Used in several situations (going to the supermarket, scanning the picture of your ID)
     • Submitted to the different systems through the input devices