Relative clauses

Relative clauses

1. Is

   • We can use relative clauses to join two english sentences, or to give more information about something
     • Example
       • I bought a new car is very fast. I bought a new car that is very fast

2. Defining and non defining

   • A defining relative clauses tell wich noun we are talking about
     • Example
       • I like the woman who lives next door
         • If a don`t say "who lives next door" then we don`t know wich woman I mean
   • A non defining relative clauses gives us extra information about something. We don`t need this information understand the sentence
     • Example
       • I live in London, wich have some fantastic parks
         • Everybody knows where London is, so "wich has some fantastic parks" is extra information

3. Defining relative clauses

   • First, let`s consider when the relative pronoun is a subject of a defining relative clauses
     • We can use ( who, wich, or that). We use who for people and wich for things. We can use that for people or things
       • The relative clauses can come after the subject or the object of the sentence. We can`t drop the relative pronoun
         • Clause after the object of the sentence
           • I am looking for a secretary who/that can use a computer well
         • Clauses after the subject of the sentence
           • The camera wich/that cost 100$ is over there
         • Example
         • Example
   • Is

4. Non-defining relative clauses

   • Is
     • We can use "that" in non-defining relative clauses
       • We need to use "wich" if the pronoun refers to a thing, and "who" if it refers to a person
         • We can`t drop the relative pronoun in this kind of clause, even if the relative pronoun is the subjecto of the clause
           • Example
             • Clause comes afeter the subject
               • My boss, who is very nice, lives in Manchester
           • Example
             • Clause comes after the object
               • Yesterday I called our friend Julie, who lives in New York

5. Preposition and relative clauses

   • Is
     • If the verb in the relative clauses needs a preposition, we put it at the end of the clauses
       • Examples
         • Listen to:
           • The music wich/that Julie listen to is good
         • Work with:
           • My brother met a woman who/that I used to work with
         • Go to:
           • The country wich/that he went to is very hot
         • Come from
           • I visited the city wich/that Jones come from
         • Apply for
           • The job that/wich she applied for is well paid

6. Whose

   • Is
     • Always the subject of the realtive clauses and can`t be left out
       • It replaces possessive, it can be used for people and thing
         • Example
           • Is
             • The dog whose owner lives next door is over there
           • Is
             • The woman wos car is a BMW is coming tonight

7. Where/When/Why

   • Is
     • We can sometimes use these question words instead of relative pronouns and preposition
       • Examples
         • Is
           • I live in a city. I study in the city
             • I live in the city that/wich I study in
         • Is
           • The summer was long and hot. I graduated from university in the summer
             • The summer in wich I graduated was long and hot
         • The bar in Barcelona is still here. I met my wife in the bar
           • The bar in Barcelona where I met my wife is still here