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Introduce el texto aquí

1. a constituency is a relation between a linguistic unit and the larger unit that it is a part of

   • A constituent can be a morpheme, word, phrase, or clause.
     • If a group of words in a sentence form a phrase on their own, they are said to be a constituent.

2. A sentence can be analysed into a series of constituents, such as subject + predicate, or NP + VP, etc. These units thus produced can, in turn, be analysed into further constituents

   • "Edward grows tomatoes as large as grapefruit.
     • Edward, the subject, is a single noun and is, according to our definition, a noun phrase as well.
       • he main verb grows stands alone without any auxiliaries and is the entire main verb phrase.
         • Although tomatoes, by itself, could be a noun phrase, in identifying constituents of the sentence
           • Ruben Cordero 5 Semester
   • The main theoretical issue involved in IC analysis is, of course, the justification of the division of a sentence into one set of constituents rather than another set.

3. All words belong to categories called word classes (or parts of speech) according to the part they play in a sentence.

   • A noun is a word that identifies
     • a person (man, girl, engineer, friend) a thing (horse, wall, flower, country) an idea, quality, or state
   • A verb describes what a person or thing does or what happens.
     • *an action – jump, stop, explore *an event – snow, happen *situation – be, seem, have *a change – evolve, shrink, widen
   • An adjective is a word that describes a noun, giving extra information about it.
     • an exciting adventure a green apple a tidy room
   • An adverb is a word that’s used to give information about a verb, adjective, or other adverb.
     • They can make the meaning of a verb, adjective, or other adverb stronger or weaker
   • Pronouns are used in place of a noun that is already known or has already been mentioned.
   • A preposition is a word such as after, in, to, on, and with. Prepositions are usually used in front of nouns or pronouns and they show the relationship between the noun or pronoun and other words in a sentence.
   • A conjunction (also called a connective) is a word such as and, because, but, for, if, or, and when.