2.2 Programming Joshua Guerrero V2

2.2 Programming Joshua Guerrero V2

1. Boolean

   • AND, OR, NOT, larger, smaller, equal, not equal

2. Numbers

   • Addition, subtraction, division, modular division (division with a remainder), integer division, multiplication, to-the-power-of, negation

3. Strings/characters:

   • slicing, length, format

4. Sequencing

   • Sequencing allows a programmer to solve complex tasks through a number of simple steps.
   • Disadvantages
     • Not at all efficient
     • Becomes very difficult to follow with large programs
     • Extremely hard to maintain
   • Advantages
     • Each line follows the next
     • Create simple programs very quickly
     • Easy to follow for a small program

5. Iteration

   • Officially, loops. they run through or “iterate” through multiple similar items of data.
   • This is the loop for when we know in advance how many times we want to loop back to the start, so we keep count and check against the number of repetitions (iterations) that are required, using a counter.
   • Nested iteration
     • Nested loops are used for iterating 2D arrays or generating complex sequencing.

6. An array up to 2D to a file

   • Iterate through an array using WRITELINE and writing elements to the file one by one
   • Array: An ordered collection of related data where each element is accessible by a number index
   • Serialise the array (convert to a string) using delimiters e.g. commas for columns and NewLines for rows in case of a 2D array

7. Selection

   • Nested Selection
     • The "Outside" selection is the pre-condtions,while "Inside" selection
       • There is no limit on how many selection statements we can nest.
         • E.G
           • if(B2>=80,"A"(if(B2>60"B",(if(B2>30"C"
   • Allows a computer to make decisions
     • Changes the flow of a program depending on a set conditions

8. SQL (Standard Query Language)

   • A popular readable programming language
   • Used to work with databases stored in binary proprietary formats e.g. Oracle, MySQL

9. Parameters

   • Are inputs coming from the console, from a file or from elsewhere in a modular program

10. Computer programs accept inputs from user ,process them using some contacts and output back to the user

    • Variables
      • Input
        • this is an interactive code that allows the outside world which will produce different results
      • Output
        • This is the result of the process from the input
      • Constant
        • This is a piece of code that stays consistent all the time

11. Programing Constructs

    • Sequence
    • Selection

12. Casting

    • Changing how a variable data type is interpreted suitable

13. Database

14. Schema

15. Append

    • To add to

16. EOF

    • End of file

17. EOL

    • End of line

18. New Line Character

    • CR or Carriage Return) or LineFeed