INSTRUMENTS FOR DATA COLLECTION

INSTRUMENTS FOR DATA COLLECTION

1. APROACHES

   • Posing a hypothesis
     • Read earlier researches
       • Better with no group of learners
       • Replicate them
       • Follow up studies
       • Not exact replications
     • Experimental science
       • Predictions from theory
   • Collecting data
     • Observing classrooms
     • Scanning the data
     • Ethnography
     • Problems
       • No testable predictions
         • No control in variables
       • Origin of theories
       • Focus on visible things
   • How affect
     • Particular problem
     • General issue
       • Data decision

2. DATA COLLECTION

   • Interviews
     • Oral form
     • Characteristics
       • Open
         • Freedom of expression
         • Informal
       • Semi-open
         • Certain degree of freedom
       • Semi-structured
         • Beforehand questions
       • Structured
         • Questionnaires or checklists
         • Specific closed questions
         • Specific answers
     • Information
       • Individual
         • Problems
           • Time consuming
           • Subjective information
       • Group
   • Questionnaires
     • Questions or statements
       • Anonymous
     • Written form
     • Characteristics
       • Open
       • Semi-open
       • Semi-structured
       • Structured
         • Likert scale
           • Grade from 1-5
         • Semantic differential
           • Bipolar scale
     • Advantages
       • Large groups
       • Uniform & standard data
       • Accurate data collected
     • Disadvantages
       • Subjective
       • Sample of students
         • Too limited
         • Unrepresentative as a whole
       • Home answered
         • Affect validity
       • Long questionnaires
         • Intrusive
   • Diaries
     • Anecdotal
     • Subjective
     • Provide
       • Learners' feelings
       • Learners' process of information
     • Explore learning strategies
       • Metacognitive instruction
   • Case studies
     • Longitudinal
       • Individual development
         • Long time period
     • Draw up hypotheses
     • Hybrid
       • Neo-ethnographic
       • Evaluate
       • Multi-site
       • Action
     • Advantages
       • Based on reality
       • Generalizable
       • Multiplicity viewpoints
         • Different interpretations
       • Data bank
         • Future researchs
       • Insights into practice
       • More accessible

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