Infective Endocarditis

Infective Endocarditis

1. Pathophysiology

   • Pre-existing endocardial damage
   • Previously normal heart
   • Microbiology

2. Incidence

   • > 60 years
   • underlying conditions
     • Rheumatic heart disease
     • Congenital heart disease
     • other cardiac abnormality
       • calcified aortic valve
       • floppy mitral valve

3. Clinical features

   • Subacute
   • Acute
   • Post-operative

4. Investigations

   • Blood culture
   • Echocardiography
   • ESR, CRP, TWC
   • ECG
   • Chest X-ray

5. Management

6. Introduction

   • due to
     • microbial infection of a heart valve
       • native
       • prosthetic
     • the lining of a cardiac chamber or blood vessel
     • a congenital anomaly
       • septal defect
   • causative organism
     • bacterium (usually)
     • Rickettsia
     • Chlamydia
     • Fungus

7. Prevention

   • antibiotic prophylaxis no longer offered

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