STONE MATERIALS

STONE MATERIALS

1. used for construction

   • strong
   • durable
   • very resistant to weather

2. EXTRACTING AND PROCESSING STONE

   • Stone blocks
     • Quarrying
       • Large stone blocks
     • Processing
       • Cutting
       • Shaping
       • Polishing
     • granite and marble
   • Aggregates
     • Cleaning
       • Foreign objects
     • Crushing
       • grains of gravel are crushed into smaller pieces.
     • Sorting
       • grains are separated by size
     • eroded by water, wind and other forces

3. NATURAL STONE

   • Limestone
   • Marble
   • Granite
   • Slate
   • Tuff
   • are used for construction,

4. STONE BINDERS

   • Plaster
     • made from gypsum rock
       • Plaster dissolves in water, creating a sticky paste that dries quickly.
   • Lime
     • is produced by heating limestone to 900ºC
   • Cement
     • s a mixture of limestone and clay
   • Mortars
     • are various mixtures of binders with sand and water.
     • Hydraulic mortars
       • can set underwater,
     • Non-hydraulic mortars
       • can only set in the open air
   • used as binders to hold other materials

5. ARTIFICIAL STONE

   • Concrete
     • a mixture of gravel, sand, water and cement that sets to form a rock-like material
   • Fibre cement
     • composed of fibres covered with mortar
   • Hempcrete bricks
     • substitute for ceramic bricks
   • Terrazzo
     • he most common artificial stone used in construction