Chapter 1: Language, Learning and Teaching

Chapter 1: Language, Learning and Teaching

1. What is Language?

   • A systematic set of arbitrary symbols
     • that may be vocal or visual

2. What is Learning?

   • A relatively permament change in a behavioral tendency

3. What is Teaching?

   • Showing or helping someone
     • to learn something

4. What is SLA?

   • Second Language Acquisition
     • takes into consideration
       • Who?
         • Who does the learning and teaching?
           • What?
             • What must the learner learn and the teacher teach?
               • How?
                 • What cognitive strategies are used for SLA
                   • When?
                     • When is the SLA taking place, at what age?
                       • Where?
                         • ESL or EFL
                           • Why?
                             • Affective, emotional, personal or intellectual reasons

5. Schools of thought in SLA

   • Rationalism & Cognitive Psychology
     • Noam Chomsky
       • innateness, competence, universal grammar
   • Structuralism/Behaviorism
     • Leonard Bloomfield, Edward Sapir
       • Description, observable performance
   • Constructivism
     • Jean Piaget & Lev Vygotsky
       • interactive discourse, cooperative group learning

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