Wave

Wave

1. Progressive waves

   • Terms
     • Displacement
       • Distance from rest position
     • Amplitude
       • Max displacement from rest position
     • Phase difference
       • Ratio one point ahead/lags behind to the other
     • Period
       • Time taken for one complete cycle
     • Frequency
       • Number of complete cycle per unit time
     • Wavelength
       • Distance b/w 2 successive points which are in phase
     • Velocity
       • Distance per unit time
     • Intensity
       • Amount of energy per unit time
   • Wave equation
     • v=fλ
   • Intensity directly proportional to amplitude^2
   • Definition: it is the transfer of energy without net displacement of matter in the direction of waves

2. Transverse and longitudinal waves

   • Difference between transverse and longitudinal waves

3. Determining frequency and wavelength using CRO

   • Determining frequency
     • f=1/(( λ)(TB))
   • Determining wavelength
     • Node: point of zero displacement
     • Antinode: Point of max displacement

4. Doppler effect

   • It is the change of frequency of an observed wave due to relative motion of the wave source and observer
   • Source and observer approach each other
   • Source and observer move from each other
   • Observed frequency > frequency of source => distance b/w source and observer decreases => blue shift
   • Observed frequency < frequency of source => distance b/w source and observer increases => red shift

5. EM Spectrum

   • Common properties: (i) travel with same speed in vacuum (ii) all transverse waves (iii)can produce interference

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