First Aid

First Aid

1. Sudden Illness

   • Poisoning
     • Poison is any substance that causes injury, illness or death if it enters the body. Look for nausea, vomiting, chest or abdominal pain, seizures, dizziness, headaches, etc. Call 9-1-1 if the person becomes on unconscious and/or if they are not breathing. But also call the National Poison Control Center Hotline. Remove the person from a dangerous scene, ask the person questions if conscious.
   • Seizures
     • A seizure is when  the normal activities of a brain are disrupted by injury, disease, fever, infection or other conditions that cause a decrease in  oxygen level. Look for blank stares and uncontrolled muscular contractions. Call 911 if the seizure lasts more than 5 mins, the person is pregnant, seizure takes place in water, or its the person's first seizure. Make sure the person is out of any harm's way so that they don't hurt themselves. Do not restrain the person. Roll the person to their side if there is saliva, blood, or vomit in their mouth.
   • Allergic Reactions
     • An allergic reaction is when a person reacts negatively to an ingredient they have come in contact with. Look for hives, itching, rashes, and nausea. Call 9-1-1 if they have trouble breathing or their throat tightens and swells. 
     • Cold-Related
   • Diabetic Emergency
     • Diabetes is the body's inability to change sugar from food into energy. Look for rapid breathing and confusion. Call 9-1-1 if the person can't swallow or is unconscious. If there isn't enough sugar in their blood, bring them sugary liquids like OJ. 
     • Heat-Related

2. Splints

   • Soft Splint
     • Rigid Splint
   • Sling & Binder
     • Anatomic Splint

3. EMS System

   • Check, Call, Care
     • The order in which should care for a victim is to first check the situation and to see if the victim wants help, call 9-1-1, then care for the person in anyway you know how.
     • Checking a Conscious Person
       • Introduce yourself, interview the person and bystanders on what happened, ask for the person's consent, check the person from head to toe, and call 9-1-1 if necessary.
   • Treating Shock
     • Shock is a condition in which the circulatory system fails to deliver enough oxygen-rich blood to the body's tissues and vital organs. Signs of shock are restlessness or irritability, nausea or vomiting, and pale, ashen or grayish, cool, moist skin. Call 9-1-1, have the person lie down, control external bleeding, try to keep the on their back, help the person maintain normal body temperature, don't give the person food or drink, reassure the person, continue to monitor the person's breathing.
     • Checking an Unconscious Person
       • Make sure the person's airway is clear and they can breath, check for severe bleeding, keep person lying face-up, if irregular breathing perform CPR.