First Aid

First Aid

1. Wounds

   • Open Wounds
     • Abrasions, Lacerations, Punctures, Avulsions
       • Steps to treat them: 1. Control bleeding 2. Clean infected are 3. Wrap and bandage 4. Call 9-1-1 for major wounds
   • Closed Wounds
     • Bruises or minor fractures
       • Steps to treat them: 1. Apply Ice to the area 2. Rest and elevate

2. Sudden Illnesses

   • Heat Related Illnesses
     • Steps to treating: 1. Rest & Provide fluids and electrolytes 2. Move victim to cool area. Remove wet clothes. Fluids. Rest 3. Call 911. Rapidly cool body. Care for life threatening conditions
   • Cold related Ilnesses
     • Steps to treating: 1. Skin-to-skin contact. Soak in warm water 2. Call 911. Warm victims body. Monitor for life threatening conditions
   • Seizure
     • A seizure is when the normal functions of the brain are disrupted. Leads to involuntary movements and behaviors
       • Caring for Seizures: 1. Do not try to stop the seizure 2. Make sure the environment is safe 3. After the seizure has stopped, check for breathing 4. Reassure the victim
   • Poisoning
     • Treating it: Remove from source of poison, Monitor for changes in condition, Call National Poison Control Center Hotline
   • Alergic Reactions
     • Steps to caring for the victim: 1. Call 911 2. Assist victim administer epinephrine
   • Diabetic Emergency Care
     • Treating: 1. Assist a conscious victim in consuming a form of sugar 2. Assist victim with administering medication 3. Call 911 if victim is unconscious/unable to consume sugar

3. Burns

   • Thermal
     • Any burn caused by direct exposure to a hot surface, or heat.
       • Treat it by running it under cold water, and loosely bandagig it. DO NOT ice it.
   • Radiation
     • Caused by overexposure to the sun Remove from the source of the burn Wear appropriate clothing and suncreen
       • Treat as if it was a thermal burn
   • Chemical
     • Caused by dry or liquid chemicals Flush the burn with cool water Remove any contaminated clothing
       • Rinse out the burn. If it is in the eye, flush out the chemicals until help arrives.

4. How to help

   • Consent
     • Permission to provide emergency care to a conscious victim (Introduce yourself and first aid training)
       • You must need this or you can get into legal issues.
         • Good Samaritan Law
           • Laws that protect citizens against claims of negligence when they provide emergency care