Homeostasis & The Kidney

Homeostasis & The Kidney

1. The Human Excretory System functions to: Remove waste from the body (e.g urea) and control/regulate water levels. The system includes the kidney and its functioning component; the nephron

2. Kidney - Filter the waste products in the blood (e.g urea)

3. Aorta - Carries blood to kidney from heart

4. Vena Cava - Carries blood from kidney to heart

5. Renal Artery - Blood from aorta to kidney

6. Renal Vein - Blood carried from kidney to vena cava

7. Ureter - Carries waste from kidney to bladder

8. Bladder - Stores waste products

9. Urethra - Waste products from bladder out

10. Cortex - Outside of kidney

11. Medulla - Where filtering occurs in the nephron

12. Pelvis - Ureter meets the medula

13. The nephron is the cortex but loop of henle passes through the medulla and because the loop of henle does the work it has been put in the medulla

14. Treating kidney failure: Transplant & Dialysis

15. Parts of kidney: Renal Artery, Outer membrane, Nephron (2mill), Cortex, Medulla organised in pyramids, Pelvis, Ureter & Renal Vein

16. Stomata are pores on a plant, usually found on the underside of the leaf. They release water vapour into the atmosphere - this is called transpiration. They also allow gas exchange to take place

17. Stomata can open and close to regulate transpiration. If the stomata are closed or covered by certain substances, and cannot release water vapour, the plant cannot take up as much, or possibly any more water at the roots. The difference between the bottom of the leaf and the top is that the bottom has more stomata than the top

18. Excretion and Homeostasis

    • Excretion - Removal of waste products from cells
      • Skin - Excretes sweat, containing water, ions and urea
        • Lungs - Excrete carbon dioxide and water
          • Liver - Excretes bile, bile pigments, cholesterol and mineral ions
            • Gut - Excretes gut mucosal cells, water, bile and faeces
              • Kidneys - Excrete urine, containing urea, mineral ions, water and other foreign chemicals from the blood