Criticisms

Criticisms

1. Intel and motivation

   • neg- unfalsifiable hypothesis - cannot be disproven
   • e.g black kids low mot, but same perf on memory

2. As explanation

   • just a "label"
     • only useful if linked to physiologically identifiable V

3. Human Variability

   • diff caused by complexity of cognitive functioning
     • measured intel
       • variability in special processes which underlie thinking capacity

4. Personality

   • related to extraversion/ introversion
     • however diff factors

5. useless info

   • corr. between IQ & workplace
     • cost effective but bias

6. Flynn effect

   • Rise in intelligence
     • 3+ increase every decade
       • NOT cause of genetics/evolution
         • Gf increase - Gc least
         • Explanation
           • schooling
           • test taking
           • cultural
             • visual media = visual awareness, linked to increase Gf
               • therefore, increase in non-V (Gf) cos of this 
           • nutrition

7. Racial diff

   • Asians score 5+, African americans lower (US)
     • US immigrants score lower

8. Nature vs Nurture

   • Nature
     • Genetic heritability (h2) - little = similar to parent Additive assumption= genetics+enviro
   • Nurture
     • 1. family environment  2.culture 3.school and edu 4.Maternal effect

9. Socio-economic arguments

   • hard to distinguish from other f
     • accounts for 20%