electrons and atoms

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Bohr's proposal was that the electrons around the necleus are in a fixed orbit, and always rotating, an electron can jump through different levels of the electron cloud if the requirements are fulfilled.

Rutherford's model had a lot of flaws, it couldn't explain the properties of the elements, didn't know why things change color in different temperatures. Neils Bohr reiterated his design and came up with the modern model.

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Quantum mechanical model

Austrian physicist, Shrodinger, used mathematicals equation, which was used to explain the hydrogen atom. It also proposes that there isn't a defined path for the electrons to go through.

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three rules of the electron configuration

aufbau principle: It is used to write the electron configuration, it is seperated in blocks and orbits.

hund's rule: There is an order in which electrons are placed. The order is, place one electron per orbit and whenever you have finished placing electrons in every orbit, start placing the second one on each.

Pauli exclusion Principle: An orbital can't have more than two electrons, one of them needs to have a spin up, and the other one, a spin down.