UCOR2000 Cold War

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From enemies to Allies: US & Japan

Supreme Commander of the Allies Powers (SCAP) the occupation authorities.

Reverse course in US policy towards Japan due to the escalation of the Cold War

The pacifist constitution and article 9

Renunciation of war

Article IX "the Japanese people forever renounce war as a sovereign right of the nation and threat or use of force as a means of settling international disputes....land, seas, and air forces, as well as other war potential, will never be maintained.

Article forbid Japan from having military powers

ideological tension in the 1960's:

Nikita Khrushchev 1894-1971- pursued a slightly more liberal path with respect to domestic society.

The de- Stalinization of the Soviet Union: had a positive impact on their society but weakened their image

China did not like the de-Stalinization process because they supported Joseph Stalin

Liberal reforms in areas in domestic policy:

President Nixon reaches out to Soviet Union leader in 1970's to find common ground: Visit was in 1973 in the U.S., they started speaking in 1972

Talked about technology, education

Established tradition where every 2 years they would meet and discuss (established peace with other countries)

Created opportunity for China to speak with U.S.: In 1972 President Nixon meets with China's communist party leader

This changed attitudes towards U.S.

U.S. faced criticism: there wasn't enough long term benefits established after meeting with Soviet Union/ China

Only focused on small issues

detente policy ended when Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan

Ronald Reagan's election as president in 1980

Berlin Wall speech: