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Hexpods

sophie waddington 23 preguntas

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Preguntas del test (23)

  1. 1Hexapoda = a subphylum of [blank_start]arthropods[blank_end], which makes up a [blank_start]big[blank_end] majority of all animal species, especially beetles
    - they are mostly [blank_start]terrestrial[blank_end] (on land)
    - made up of head; thorax; abdomen
    - [blank_start]uniramous[blank_end] appendages
    - means 'six [blank_start]feet[blank_end]'
    - thorax has 3 [blank_start]segments[blank_end] > head is not clearly segmented but if you look at the way it develops you can see segmentation
    - up to 12 segments in abdomen
    - [blank_start]1[blank_end] pair of antennae
    - includes insects and 3 much smaller groups of small [blank_start]wingless[blank_end] arthropods including spring tails
    1. Aarthropods
    2. Bbig
    3. Cterrestrial
    4. Duniramous
    5. Efeet
    6. Fsegments
    7. G1
    8. Hwingless
  2. 2[blank_start]Apterygotes[blank_end] = 'lack wings'
    - have no [blank_start]wings[blank_end]
    - includes springtails and silver [blank_start]fish[blank_end]
    - first evolved in [blank_start]Silurian[blank_end] period (after the cambrian period
    - larvae are very similar to adults but [blank_start]smaller[blank_end] > no real change in body form
    - 6 leggedness probably evolved separately [blank_start]4[blank_end] times
    - some have internal jaws with a single hinge and muscles inside their [blank_start]antennae[blank_end]
    - others, as well as insects, have external jaws with 2 hinges and [blank_start]no[blank_end] muscles inside their antennae
    1. AApterygotes
    2. Bwings
    3. Cfish
    4. DSilurian
    5. Esmaller
    6. F4
    7. Gantennae
    8. Hno
  3. 3Insects = class of hexopod, arthropods
    - means 'in [blank_start]sections[blank_end]' > divided into head, thorax and abdomen
    - first evolved in the [blank_start]Silurian[blank_end] period (after the Cambrian period)
    - most adults have [blank_start]2[blank_end] pairs of wings
    - [blank_start]3[blank_end] pairs of legs
    - [blank_start]3[blank_end] eating appendages
    - mostly quite [blank_start]small[blank_end] in size
    - more than 1 million species described; [blank_start]half[blank_end] of all known species
    - most hatch from an [blank_start]egg[blank_end]
    - all [blank_start]moult[blank_end] several times
    - [blank_start]terrestrial[blank_end] (live on land)
    - respire through [blank_start]trachae[blank_end] = air pipes that deliver oxygen to tissues and remove carbon [blank_start]dioxide[blank_end]
    1. Asections
    2. BSilurian
    3. C2
    4. D3
    5. E3
    6. Fsmall
    7. Ghalf
    8. Hegg
    9. Imoult
    10. Jterrestrial
    11. Ktrachae
    12. Ldioxide
  4. 4Insect locomotion includes:
    - [blank_start]running[blank_end], jumping, swimming, flying

    Insects:
    - have well-developed sense organs and [blank_start]nervous[blank_end] systems
    - most lead solitary lives (live on their own) but some are highly [blank_start]social[blank_end]
    1. Arunning
    2. Bnervous
    3. Csocial
  5. 5Insect Anatomy = 3 major regions; head, [blank_start]thorax[blank_end], abdomen
    - thorax = 3 segments
    - abdomen = < [blank_start]12[blank_end] segments
    - head = derived from [blank_start]6[blank_end] segments but those fuse together, making it hard to make out individual segments in adults

    - 2 pairs of [blank_start]wings[blank_end]
    - [blank_start]3[blank_end] pairs of legs
    - [blank_start]3[blank_end] eating appendages

    - different regions of [blank_start]gut[blank_end] with different digestive functions
    - well-developed nervous system > [blank_start]ganglia[blank_end] can fuse together
    1. Athorax
    2. B12
    3. C6
    4. Dwings
    5. E3
    6. F3
    7. Ggut
    8. Hganglia
  6. 6Insects respire through [blank_start]tracheae[blank_end], air pipes that deliver [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end] to tissues
    - one problem with trachae is [blank_start]water[blank_end] can be lost from them
    - so insects have to have conserving mechanisms e.g. [blank_start]spiracles[blank_end] (holes) which can open and close to prevent water loss
    1. Atracheae
    2. Boxygen
    3. Cwater
    4. Dspiracles
  7. 7Respiration via [blank_start]tracheae[blank_end]
    - [blank_start]spiracle[blank_end] valves reduce water loss
    - blood usually does not deliver [blank_start]oxygen[blank_end], done by the air tubes of tracheae instead
    - insect size is limited by oxygen
    - spiracle connects the cuticle and the hard [blank_start]exoskeleton[blank_end]
    - tracheoles make intimate contact with cells inside the body
    - unlike crustacea, the blood doesn't deliver oxygen to the tissue therefore they do not need as [blank_start]high[blank_end] blood pressure
    - to get oxygen to the tissues, it need to [blank_start]diffuse[blank_end] > the bigger you are the slower the diffusion, this is the size of [blank_start]insects[blank_end] is limited by oxygen

    too large insect = diffusion = too [blank_start]slow[blank_end]
    1. Atracheae
    2. Bspiracle
    3. Coxygen
    4. Dexoskeleton
    5. Ehigh
    6. Fdiffuse
    7. Gslow
    8. Hinsects
  8. 8[blank_start]Malpighian[blank_end] tubes = excretory organ attached to the hind region of [blank_start]gut[blank_end] in insects
    - gets rid of [blank_start]nitrogenous[blank_end] waste as uric acid
    1. AMalpighian
    2. Bgut
    3. Cnitrogenous
  9. 9Where do insects live?
    - most insects are [blank_start]terrestrial[blank_end] (land and air)
    - some [blank_start]fresh[blank_end] water
    - 2 [blank_start]marine[blank_end] species

    1. Aterrestrial
    2. Bfresh
    3. Cmarine
  10. 10Insect life cycles
    - most hatch from [blank_start]egg[blank_end]
    - all [blank_start]moult[blank_end] several times = ecdysozoans
    - metamorphosis = 'change in form'
    - [blank_start]hemimetabolous[blank_end] life cycles = incomplete metamorphosis e.g. dragonfly, grass hopper
    - [blank_start]holometabolous[blank_end] life cycle = complete metamorphosis e.g. butterfly, honeybee, beetle, housefly

    - [blank_start]larval[blank_end] forms eat a lot and grow
    - whereas [blank_start]adult[blank_end] forms reproduce and disperse
    This division of roles in the opposite of the roles in [blank_start]crustacea[blank_end]
    1. Aegg
    2. Bmoult
    3. Chemimetabolous
    4. Dholometabolous
    5. Elarval
    6. Fadult
    7. Gcrustacea

Información

Descripción
Animal Kingdom Test sobre Hexpods, creado por sophie waddington el 30/04/2018.
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