Test
Chapter 13- Togaviruses
Este test tiene tipos de pregunta que se abren en el reproductor de siempre.
Preguntas del test (98)
1select the following that are alphaviruses
- Asindbis virus
- Bsemliki forest virus
- Crubella virus
2sindbis virus comes from
- Aegyptian village
- Buganda
3semliki forest virus comes from
- Aegyptian village
- Buganda
4this virus infects birds, rodents and primates.
- Asindbis
- Bsemiliki
- Crubella
5this virus infects humans and does not have an anthropod host.
- Asindibis
- Bsemliki
- Crubella
6alphaviruses can infect humans
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
7all alphaviruses are transmitted by mosquitos.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
8list common symptoms of togaviridae.
1.) [blank_start]rash[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]fever[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]joint plant[blank_end]
4.) [blank_start]encephalitis[blank_end]- Afever
- Brash
- Cjoint pain
- Dencephalitis
9mosquitoes transmit rubiviruses.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
10rubella is latin for [blank_start]little red[blank_end]
- Alittle red
11rubella is also known as [blank_start]german measles[blank_end].
- Agerman measles
12encephalitis is inflammation of the [blank_start]brain[blank_end].
- Abrain
13rubella virus causes birth defeats in [blank_start]1st[blank_end] trimester
- A1st
14virus that causes to problems to development of fetus of pregnant woman:
[blank_start]teratogen[blank_end]- Ateratogen
15children are given a mixed vaccine for protection against
[blank_start]measles[blank_end]
[blank_start]mumps[blank_end]
[blank_start]rubella[blank_end]- Ameasles
- Bmumps
- Crubella
16children are given an [blank_start]MMR[blank_end] vaccine
- AMMR
17Virion Structure:
Env (Y or N): [blank_start]Y[blank_end]
T = [blank_start]4[blank_end]
[blank_start]75[blank_end] nm diameter
[blank_start]1[blank_end] capsid protein
[blank_start]4[blank_end] envelope proteins- AY
- B4
- C75
- D1
- E4
18the 4 envelope proteins are:
1.) [blank_start]E1[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]E2[blank_end]
3.) [blank_start]E3[blank_end]
4.) [blank_start]6K[blank_end]- AE1
- BE2
- CE3
- D6K
19[blank_start]E1[blank_end] is used for attachement. [blank_start]E2[blank_end] is used for fusion
- AE1
- BE2
20E1/E2 dimers on envelope are arranged in [blank_start]triplets[blank_end]
- Atriplets
21E1/E2 have a transmembrane helix that goes through the lipid bilayer and interact with the capsid proteins
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
22why this particular envelope organization occurs is due to the interactions of E1/E2 dimers with the capsid
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
23with the flaviviruses, they contain one long polyprotein vs. the togaviruses which contain 2 polyproteins
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
24togaviruses do not contain 5' caps
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
252 ORF found in togaviruses, one for non structural proteins and another for 5 structural proteins
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
26the 1 NS polyprotein gets processed into [blank_start]4[blank_end] mature proteins.
the 1 S polyprotein gets processed into [blank_start]5[blank_end] mature proteins.- A4
- B5
27PE2 gets processed into E[blank_start]2[blank_end] and E[blank_start]3[blank_end] (all of which are structural)
- A3
- B2
28there is a non coding spacer region between the 2 ORF, and is it the site of a promotor that the polymerase will bind to synthesize a sg genome.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
29togaviruses have a 5' cap but no polyA tail
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
30togaviruses have a polyA tail but no 5' cap.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
31togaviruses have both a polyA tail and a 5' cap
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
32togavirus genome size is 15 kb
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
33togavirus genome size is 11 kb
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
34structural proteins will be translated directly from the genome.
non structural proteins will be translated from sg mRNA.- AVerdadero
- BFalso
35structural proteins are translationally silenced from the genome
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
36after nsP3 there is a stop codon so what happens during translation is that most of the time ribosomes stop translating at nsP3.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
37around 10-[blank_start]20[blank_end]% of the time, the stop codon between nsP3 and nsP4 is read as a stop codon to get [blank_start]nsP4[blank_end] produced.
- AnsP4
- B20
38there is more nsP4 in the cell found vs. nsP3
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
39nsP4 is also known as the [blank_start]RdRp[blank_end].
- ARdRp
40[blank_start]3[blank_end] coding stragedies used by togaviruses.
- A3
41[blank_start]E2[blank_end] is the attachment protein that binds SinV receptor (laminin receptor)
- AE2
42the receptor that binds E2 is called [blank_start]SinV[blank_end]
- ASinV
43NC release by pH-dependent fusion by [blank_start]E1[blank_end]
- AE1
44After fusion, [blank_start]E2[blank_end] dissociates from the trimer making it an [blank_start]E1[blank_end] only trimer
- AE2
- BE1
45E2 only trimer allows for the pulling of the endosomal membrane and fusing it with the viral envelope
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
46[blank_start]60S[blank_end] ribo subunit binds capsids and destabilizes it
- A60S
47the binding of the 60S ribo subunit to the t=4 capsid initiates translation
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
48the RNA genome released into the cytosol is due to the 60S ribo subunit binding to the capsid
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
49E1 makes intital contact with SinV laminin receptor to bring the viral envelope and lumen of endosome in close promximity to allow fusion
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
50non-structural proteins are encoded at the [blank_start]5'[blank_end] end
- A5'
51non structural proteins carry out:
1.) [blank_start]genome replication[blank_end]
2.) [blank_start]sg mRNA transcription[blank_end]- Agenome replication
- Bsg mRNA transcription
52structural proteins carry out genome replication and sg mRNA transcription
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
53the minus strand template created from plus strand is used to make sg mRNA
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
54for sgmRNA transcription, there is a sequence internally of the minus strand that RdRp will bind and make sgmRNA
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
55______ is an RNA capping enzyme and has methyltransferase activity. it also acts as a cofactor for NSP2 protease activity. required for transcription of minus-strand RNA.
- AnsP1
- BnsP2
- CnsP3
- DnsP4
56____ is a proteinase. RNA helicase. required for the synthesis of subgenomic RNA. reduced cytopathic effects
- ANSP1
- BNSP2
- CNSP3
- DNSP4
57______ has an unknown function.
- ANSP1
- BNSP2
- CNSP3
- DNSP4
58______ is the RNA polymerase.
- ANSP1
- BNSP2
- CNSP3
- DNSP4
59[blank_start]cytopathic[blank_end]: makes the infected cell sick
- Acytopathic
60cis cleavage occurs at the 3 4 site (between NSP3 and NSP4) that is going to be carried out by proteinase NSP2.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
61the NSP1,2,3 as a polyprotein and NSP4 as an individual protein is reponsible for synthesizing the minus strand
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
62the [blank_start]NSP1,2,3[blank_end] as a polyprotein and [blank_start]NSP4[blank_end] as an individual protein is reponsible for synthesizing the minus strand
- ANSP1,2,3
- BNSP4
63the same complex used to make minus strands also makes plus strands
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
64the complex generated from trans cleavage of NSP1,2 and NSP3 4 to yield 4 individual proteins and make genome replication + strand and sg mRNA
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
65delay in production of NSP1 2 3 4 complex making plus strands
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
66the sg:g ratio is [blank_start]10:1[blank_end]
- A10:1
67the sg:g ratio is 10:1 this is good because we get more [blank_start]structural[blank_end] protein produced and allow for [blank_start]temporal[blank_end] regulation where stronger proteins are produced earlier in the infection and weaker ones are produced later in the infection.
- Astructural
- Btemporal
68[blank_start]P1234[blank_end] is the one that cis cuts itself.
- AP1234
69[blank_start]P123[blank_end] contributes to trans cutting
- AP123
70the sg mRNA is 3' internal and 5' coterminal
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
71the capsid protein is anchored and is cut by a viral protease
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
72the capsid protein is anchored and is cuts itself from the membrane
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
73difference between flavivirus capsid vs. togavirus:
togavirus cleaves itself,
flaviviris cleaves from viral protease- AVerdadero
- BFalso
743 cuts made by cellular signal pepidase will release [blank_start]E1[blank_end], [blank_start]6K[blank_end] and also C terminus of [blank_start]pE2[blank_end].
- AE1
- B6K
- CpE2
75frin protease makes the cut of pE2 to make [blank_start]E2[blank_end] and [blank_start]E3[blank_end].
- AE2
- BE3
76[blank_start]E2[blank_end] forms a dimer after furin protease cut, making it active.
- AE2
77[blank_start]E2[blank_end] forms a dimer with [blank_start]E1[blank_end] after furin protease cut, making it active.
- AE1
- BE2
78PALMITOYLATION IS done on E1, to add a fatty acid and make it anchored to membrane
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
79proteins bud into the PM and gain its envelope
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
80E1 and E2 proteins bud into the Golgi and gain its envelope
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
81[blank_start]TRANS golgi[blank_end] vesicle with proteins E1-E2 dimer, E2 palmitoylation, fuses with PM
- ATRANS golgi
82flaviviruses gain env through ER, whereas toga gains envelope through PM
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
83alphavirus expression vectors:
structural proteins replaced with [blank_start]foreign[blank_end] gene.
[blank_start]nsP2[blank_end], the proteinase, has damaging effects. so what they did with this expression vector was introduce a single aa change in the [blank_start]c[blank_end] terminus to make it non-cytopathic.- Aforeign
- BnsP2
- Cc
84non structural protein [blank_start]2[blank_end] is cytopathic.
- A2
85when replacing structural protein ORF with foreign gene, if you just transfect that cell we will get production of protein but this modified vector cannot make [blank_start]structural[blank_end] proteins and spread.
- Astructural
86when replacing structural protein ORF with foreign gene, if you just transfect that cell we will get production of protein but this modified vector cannot make structural proteins and spread.
you can complement this replicon with a helper virus with an inactivated [blank_start]packaging[blank_end] signal- Apackaging
872 viruses going in:
1.) replicon with structural protein replaced by foreign gene and 1 aa mutation in c terminus of [blank_start]nsP2[blank_end]
2.) helper virus, with inactivated [blank_start]packaging[blank_end] signal and provide [blank_start]structural[blank_end] proteins- AnsP2
- Bpackaging
- Cstructural
88replicon contains an inactivated packaging signal.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
89only a single secondary infection will be successful in alphavirus gene engineering when using 1 replicon and 1 helper virus because the helper virus cannot be packaged out of the cell
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
90alphavirus expression vector:
you can also make the virus bigger, and fit in the foreign gene at the [blank_start]3'[blank_end] end, so we keep the [blank_start]structural[blank_end] proteins- A3'
- Bstructural
91alphavirus expression vector:
you can also make the virus bigger, and fit in the foreign gene at the [blank_start]3'[blank_end] end, so we keep the [blank_start]structural[blank_end] proteins
this way you make [blank_start]2[blank_end] sg mRNAs,
where one is going to make the [blank_start]structural[blank_end] protein genes, and the other will make the [blank_start]foreign[blank_end] gene proteins- A3'
- Bstructural
- C2
- Dstructural
- Eforeign
92the bigger your genome, the bigger a capsid required. therefore, the second method of stuffing in foreign gene in expression vectors is that the capsid is made for the original genome size and not for the addition of the foreign gene therefore cannot stuff the genome.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
93producing protein using viral vectors is efffective because:
znaf treatment for ebola is used by [blank_start]plant[blank_end] virus vectors.
also potential in [blank_start]insecticide[blank_end]: express a [blank_start]toxic[blank_end] protein that kills insect host- Aplant
- Binsecticide
- Ctoxic
94the virus enters the cell via fusion
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
95NC release is pH independent.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
96fusion causing NC release is facilitated by E2.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
97[blank_start]E3[blank_end] is a structural protein that remains retained
- AE3
986K enhances virus assembly and budding
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
Información
- Descripción
- Test sobre Chapter 13- Togaviruses, creado por Nina Butris el 06/03/2019.
- Autor
- Nina Butris
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 4
- Valoración
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