Test
Bio 109: First Exam
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Preguntas del test (102)
1Components of the cytoskeleton may include all of the following except
- AMicrosomes
- BMicrofilaments
- CMicrotubules
- DIntermediate filaments
2The process of protein formation directed by mRNA is called
- ATranslation
- BTranscription
- CAuscultation
- DReplication
3The tails of a phospholipid molecule are
- AFacing the cytosol
- BHydrophilic
- CHydrophobic
- DComposed of amino acids
4The duplication of DNA is called ______, the copying of DNA to mRNA is called _____, and the reading of the mRNA by a ribosome to make a protein is called ______.
- AReproduction; duplication; initiation
- BInterphase; replication; active transport
- CReplication; transcription; translation
- DReplication; translation; transcription
5Most of a cell’s DNA is located in its
- AGolgi apparatus
- BRibosomes
- CNucleus
- DLysosomes
6Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins?
- ABind to ligands
- BRegulate the passage of ions
- CAct as a carrier molecules for various solutes
- DStorage of cellular nutrients
7Organelles that breakdown fatty acids and hydrogen peroxide are
- APeroxisomes
- BLysosomes
- CNuclei
- DEndocytic vessels
8The components of ribosomes are formed within
- ANucleoli
- BMitochondria
- CGolgi complexes
- DLysosomes
9Compared to the extracellular fluid, cytosol contains
- AA higher concentration of amino acids
- BA higher concentration of potassium ions
- CAlmost no glycogen
- DA lower concentration of dissolved proteins
10Renewal or modification of the cell membrane is a function of the
- ARough endoplasmic reticulum
- BMitochondria
- CGolgi apparatus
- DRibosomes
11The potential difference across the cell membrane is known as
- AThe membrane potential
- BThe membrane difference
- CThe cellular potential
- DThe cellular difference
12Cell membranes are said to be ______ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.
- ADoubly amphipathic
- BImpermeable
- CSelectively permeable
- DHydrophilic
13Which of the following best describes osmosis?
- Adiffusion of water from a greater to a lesser water concentration across a selectively permeable membrane
- BMovement of water into a solute
- CActive transport of water across the cell membrane
- DRandom movement of water due to kinetic energy
14Special cells called ______ maintains tissues by unending cycles of cell division.
- AOmnipotent
- BRoot
- CStem
- DCytogenic
15The _______ of a cell membrane indicates how easy it is for substances to cross.
- AThickness
- BPermeability
- CDensity
- DPliability
16During this phase of cell division, the chromosomes uncoil, the nuclear membrane forms, and cytokinesis occurs.
- AMetaphase
- BProphase
- CTelophase
- DAnaphase
17The stage in a cell’s life cycle in which the cell performs it’s normal functions and prepares for division is called
- ATelophase
- BInterphase
- CMetaphase
- DProphase
18A solution that contains a lower osmotic pressure than the cytoplasm of a cell is called
- AMerotonic
- BHypotonic
- CIsotonic
- DHypertonic
19Permanent altercations in a cell’s DNA that affect the nucleotide sequence of one or more genes are called
- AChangelings
- BPolymorphs
- CMutations
- DInterferons
20All of the following membrane transport mechanisms are passive processes except
- AOsmosis
- BVesicular transport
- CDiffusion
- DFacilitated diffusion
21When the arrector pili muscles contract,
- A“Goosebumps” are formed
- BSweat is released from sweat glands
- CThe skin changes color
- DShivering occurs
22Which of the following happens if the body temperature rises above normal?
- ABlood flow to the skin increases
- BEvaporative cooling stops
- CSweat glands activity decreases
- DThe activity of a melanocytes increase
23Accumulations of fluid within the epidermis or between the epidermis and the dermis is/are called
- AScars
- BPus
- CKeloids
- DBlisters
24The clinical term for a bruise is a(n)
- AInfarction
- BHemorrhage
- CThrombus
- DContusion
25A bruise turns “black and blue” because of _____ in the dermis
- AThe accumulation of pus
- BHyperactive sebaceous glands
- CA lack of oxygen
- DBroken blood vessels
26The layer of hard keratin that coats the hair is termed the
- ACuticle
- BRoot
- CMedulla
- DHair bulb
27A child who skins his knee in a fall has a(n)
- AIncision
- BPuncture
- CContusion
- DAbrasion
28Sensible perspiration is produced by _______ glands.
- ACeruminous
- BMerocrine sweat
- CSebaceous
- DApocrine sweat
29Wrinkles in individuals are the result of
- ALoss of elastic fibers in the reticular layer of the dermis
- BIncreased keratinization of the epidermis
- CDecreased thickness of the dermis
- DIncreased production of epidermis layers
30Large quantities of keratin are found in the epidermal layer called the stratum
- ABasale
- BLucidum
- CCorneum
- DSpinosum
31Each of the following is a function of the integumentary system except
- ADetection of sensation
- BProtection of underlying tissue
- CMaintenance of body temperature
- DSynthesis of vitamin C
32The protein that permits stretching and recoiling of the skin is
- AElastin
- BMelanin
- CCollagen
- DKeratin
33The layer of the skin that contains the blood vessels and nerves that are closest to the surface of the skin is the _______ layer.
- AReticular
- BPapillary
- CHypodermal
- DEpidermal
34The layer of the skin that provides a barrier against bacteria as well as chemical and mechanical injuries is the
- ASubcutaneous layer
- BEpidermis
- CDermis
- DSebaceous layer
35The layer of stem cells that constantly divide to renew the epidermis is the
- AStratum Basale
- Bpapillary layer
- CStratum Corneum
- DStratum granulosum
36Skin can regenerate effectively even after considerable damage has occurred because
- AContraction in the area of the injury brings cells of adjacent strata together
- BThe epidermis of the skin has a rich supply of small blood vessels
- CFibroblasts in the dermis can give rise to new germinal cells in the epidermis
- DStem cells persist in the skin even after injury
37The _____ gland in the axilla become active at the time of puberty.
- AApocrine sweat
- BSebaceous
- CAxillary
- DCeruminous
38The epidermis of the skin is composed of what type of tissue?
- ANonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- BSimple squamous epithelium
- CKeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
- DTransitional epithelium
39Which of the following is formed in the skin when it is exposed to the sunlight?
- AVitamin D
- BVitamin E
- CVitamin A
- DVitamin B
40An albino individual lacks the ability to produce
- AMelanin
- BCarotene
- CPerspiration
- DKeratin
41One mole of any element has the same
- AMass
- BNumber of atoms
- CWeight
- DNumber of electrons
42The nucleus of an atom consists of
- AProtons
- BNeutrons
- CProtons & Neutrons
- DElectrons
43The molecule O2 is known as
- AOxygen
- BOxide
- COxate
- DOrganic
44In hydrolysis reactions, compounds react with
- AHydrogen, causing decomposition
- BGlucose, causing decomposition
- CWater, causing decomposition
- DWater, causing synthesis
45The chemical behavior of an atom is determined by the
- ASize of the atom
- BNumber of neutrons
- COutermost electron shell
- DNumber of protons
46In chemical notation, the symbol Ca2+ means
- AA calcium ion that has lost two electrons
- BA calcium ion that has gained two electrons
- CTwo calcium atoms
- DA calcium ion that has gained two protons
47Chemical reactions that yield energy, such as heat, are said to be
- AEndergonic
- BExergonic
- CThermonuclear
- DActivated
48Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the _______ sites.
- AReactant
- BAmino
- CActive
- DNeutral
49Kinetic energy is stored as ______ energy when a spring is stretched.
- APlausible
- BProbable
- CPotential
- DPositive
50Atoms of the same element whose nuclei contain the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons, are called
- AHomotopes
- BHeterotopes
- CHeterotonic
- DIsotope
51If the substance has a pH that is greater than 7, it is
- AAlkaline
- BAcidic
- CA salt
- DNeutral
52Of the following choices, the pH of the least acidic solution is
- A7.4
- B6.9
- C2
- D3.8
53The alpha-helix and beta sheet are examples of _____ protein structure.
- ATertiary
- BPrimary
- CQuaternary
- DSecondary
54Which of the following statements about water is false?
- AIt is responsible for much of the mass of the human body
- BIt contains hydrogen bonds
- CIt has a relatively low heat capacity
- DIt is composed of polar molecules
55A dust particle floating on a water surface illustrates
- AHydrophilic attraction
- BChemical tension
- CHeat capacity
- DSurface tension
56Molecules with two fatty acids chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called
- ADiglycerides
- BDipeptides
- CPhospholipids
- DDisaccharide
57Glycoproteins and proteoglycans are combinations of amino acids and
- ACarbohydrates
- BLipids
- CNucleic acids
- DFatty acids
58A(n) ______ removes hydrogen ions and a(n) _____ releases hydrogen ions.
- ABase; acid
- BCompound; elements
- CMolecule; acid
- DAcid; base
59A polysaccharide that formed in liver and muscle cells to store glucose is
- AGlucose
- BGlycogen
- CA glyceride
- DFructose
60When two monosaccharides undergo a dehydration synthesis,
- AA disaccharide is formed
- BA polysaccharide is formed
- CTwo new monosaccharides are formed
- DHydrolysis occurs
61Which subatomic particle carries a negative charge?
- AElectrons
- BNucleus
- CProton
- DNeutron
62The atomic number represents the number of
- AProtons in an atom
- BNeutrons in an atom
- CElectrons in an atom
- DProtons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
63The formation of a cation and an anion is indicative of
- AAn ionic bond
- BA nonpolar bond
- CA polar bond
- DA covalent bond
64What type of reaction is A + B + energy —> AB?
- ACatabolic reaction
- BEquilibrium reaction
- CEndergonic reaction
- DExergonic reaction
65Which of the following increases the rate of a reaction?
- ASolid reactants
- BCold temperatures
- CAbsence of a catalyst
- DIncreased reactant concentration
66Which statement best describes enzyme function?
- AEnzymes can perform catabolic reactions only.
- BEnzymes speed chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy.
- CEnzymes chemically alter both the reactants and products.
- DOne enzyme can work on thousands of different substrates.
67On the pH scale, which number has the highest concentration of hydrogen ions?
- ApH 1
- BpH 5
- CpH 7
- DpH 10
68Which two organ systems work to maintain pH balance in the body?
- AEndocrine and nervous
- BRespiratory and urinary
- CUrinary and endocrine
- DDigestive and respiratory
69Salts are held together by ______.
- ASingle covalent bonds
- BPolar covalent bonds
- CNonpolar covalent bonds
- DIonic bonds
70The monomer of the carbohydrates is ________.
- ANucleotide
- BMonosaccharide
- CFatty acid
- DAmino acid
71A fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is ______.
- ASaturated
- BMonounsaturated
- CHydrogenated
- DPolyunsaturated
72Amino acids are the monomers for ________.
- ACarbohydrates
- BNucleic acids
- CLipids
- DProteins
73Which of the following is the same among isotopes of the same element?
- AMass number
- BNumber of neutrons
- CAtomic number
- DBoth the number of neutrons and the mass number
74In the following chemical reaction, what is NaCI?
NaOH + HCI —> NaCI + H20- AWater
- BAcid
- CProduct
- DReactant
75Determine the number of protons in an isotope of nitrogen with an atomic number of 7 and a molecular number of 14.
- A7
- B10
- C14
- D17
76Cytosol is also known as _____.
- ABlood plasma
- BExtracellular fluid (ECF)
- CThe cytoskeleton
- DIntercellular fluid (ICF)
77Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein?
- AOxygen transport
- BPromote fluidity of the membrane
- CForm a lipid bilayer
- DMolecular transport through the membrane
78Carbon dioxide is a small molecule that moves through the phospholipid bilayer with its concentration gradient by ______.
- APrimary active transport
- BOsmosis
- CSimple diffusion
- DFacilitated diffusion
79Active transport processes _____.
- AMove solutes from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
- BRequire cells to expend energy (ATP)
- CMove solutes through the phospholipid bilayer without the use of integral proteins
- DMove solutes with or along their concentration gradients
80Two types of active transport via vesicles are ______.
- AEndocytosis and exocytosis
- BPrimary active transport and secondary active transport
- CSimple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
- DDiffusion and osmosis
81What organelle degrades old, worn-out organelle and cell components?
- AGolgi apparatus
- BPeroxisome
- CLysosome
- DRough endoplasmic reticulum
82Microtubules are composed of proteins subunits known as ______.
- AMyosin
- BActin
- CKeratin
- DTubulin
83Cell division occurs during ______.
- AM phase
- BG1 phase
- CG2 phase
- DS phase
84During which phase of the M phase of the cell cycle does the mitotic spindle form?
- AProphase
- BTelophase
- CAnaphase
- DMetaphase
85During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids separated when the mitotic spindle fibers shorten?
- AMetaphase
- BProphase
- CTelophase
- DAnaphase
86Programmed cell death is called ______.
- AMetastasis
- BHydrolysis
- CApoptosis
- DNeoplasia
87A cell is placed into a 3% dextrose solution. At that concentration, the solution is isotonic to the cell. If the concentration of dextrose in the solution is increased to 5%, the cell is now in _______.
- AA hypotonic solution
- BAn isotonic solution
- CA less concentrated solution
- DA hypertonic solution
88If a cell has 18 chromosomes and undergoes mitosis, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have?
- A9
- B18
- C36
- D72
89Sodium ions are moving with their concentration gradient with the use of a protein channel across a plasma membrane. Determine the type of membrane transport used to transport these sodium ions.
- APrimary active transport
- BFacilitated diffusion
- COsmosis
- DSimple diffusion
90The main components of the skin are the _______.
- AEpidermis, dermis, and hypodermis
- BDermis and hypodermis
- CEpidermis, dermis, hypodermis, and the subcutaneous layer
- DEpidermis and dermis
91Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?
- AThermoregulation
- BVitamin A synthesis
- CSensation
- DProtection
92Which sensation is NOT detected by the skin?
- ATemperature
- BLight touch
- CTexture
- DEquilibrium
93Which layer of the epidermis is characterized by prominent cytoplasmic granules in the cells?
- AStratum corneum
- BStratum Spinosum
- CStratum granulosum
- DStratum lucidum
94Thin skin lacks stratum ______.
- ACorneum
- BSpinosum
- CGranulosum
- DLucidum
95Where are blood vessels housed that nourish the epidermis?
- AThe reticular layer of the dermis
- BDermal papillae
- CLamellated (Pacinian) corpuscles
- DStratum Basale of the epidermis
96Which of the following cells is associated with the dermis?
- AKeratinocytes
- BFibroblast
- CDendritic (Langerhans) cell
- DMelanocytes
97Which of the following is a yellow-orange skin pigment?
- ACyanide
- BHemoglobin
- CCarotene
- DMelanin
98What stand hairs on end, causing piloerection?
- AArrector pili muscles
- BEpidermal ridges
- CDermal papillae
- DEpithelial root sheath
99The cuticle around a nail is the _____.
- APerinychium
- BEponychium
- CLunula
- DHyponychium
100Eccrine glands produce ______.
- ASebum
- BHormones
- CCerumen
- DSweat containing mostly water
101Mammary glands are specialized _______.
- ASweat glands
- BSebaceous glands
- CCeruminous glands
- DHolocene glands
102Skin without keratin would be more likely to _____.
- ABe unable to thermoregulate
- BLose the sensation of touch
- CBurn upon exposure to the sun
- DTear upon being mechanically stressed.
Información
- Descripción
- Lecture Chapter 2,3,5
- Autor
- Nieacha Burke
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 164
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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