cells : chapter 3

1. 1The [blank_start]cell[blank_end] Theory is a unifying principal in biology. it has [blank_start]3[blank_end] concepts : the cell is the [blank_start]basic[blank_end] unit of life, every living organism is composed of on or more [blank_start]cells[blank_end] and all cells living today came from a [blank_start]preexisting[blank_end] cell

   1. Acell
   2. B3
   3. Cbasic
   4. Dcells
   5. Epreexisting
2. 2[blank_start]Unicellular[blank_end] organisms are single celled life forms. The cells are generalists and must preform all functions for the organism

   1. AUnicellular
3. 3[blank_start]Colonial[blank_end] organisms have numerous cells that stay together with some specialization and division of labor. Cells can also survive and reproduce individually.

   1. AColonial
4. 4[blank_start]Multicellular[blank_end] organisms many types, tissues and organs. Cells are very specialized and there is a strong division of labor. Cells can not exist on their own,

   1. AMulticellular
5. 5[blank_start]Eukaryotic[blank_end] Cells means "true Nucleus"

   1. AEukaryotic
6. 6[blank_start]Prokaryotic[blank_end] cells mean "before nucleus"

   1. AProkaryotic
7. 7Chloroplasts , cell walls and vacuole make it a [blank_start]plant[blank_end] cell

   1. Aplant
8. 8Not every plant cell has Chloroplasts

   1. AVerdadero
   2. BFalso
9. 9The [blank_start]cell membrane[blank_end] separates the cell from its surrounding environment , surrounds and contains the [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end] concentrates raw materials in a limited space, captures needed [blank_start]molecules[blank_end] and bringing them into the cell , removes waste From the cell, communicates with other cells and the environment , anchors the cell in place

   1. Acell membrane
   2. Bcytoplasm
   3. Cmolecules
10. 10The [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] is composed of protein, cholesterol and double layer of phospholipids

    1. Amembrane

11. 11The [blank_start]phospholipid[blank_end] bi-layer is the ground material of the membrane, allows water and small lipids to move easily into and out of the cell

    1. Aphospholipid
12. 12Proteins embedded in the phospholipid bi-layer are [blank_start]transport[blank_end] , [blank_start]receptor[blank_end] , [blank_start]adhesion[blank_end] and [blank_start]enzyme[blank_end] proteins.

    1. Atransport
    2. Breceptor
    3. Cadhesion
    4. Denzyme
13. 13[blank_start]cholesterol[blank_end] stabilizes the membrane

    1. Acholesterol
14. 14the fluid/gel material that fills the sac of membrane is called [blank_start]cytoplasm[blank_end]

    1. Acytoplasm
15. 15cytoplasm is mostly [blank_start]water[blank_end], contains disolved materials (salts and ions) contains suspended materials (small organic molecules).

    1. Awater
16. 16cytoplasm can change between more [blank_start]fluid[blank_end] or "[blank_start]sol[blank_end]" (solution) or "gel" state and is constantly moving around the membrane (cytoplasmic streaming)

    1. Afluid
    2. Bsol
17. 17[blank_start]Organelles[blank_end] allow division of labor within the cell

    1. AOrganelles
18. 18[blank_start]Ribosomes[blank_end] are granules made from [blank_start]RNA[blank_end] and [blank_start]protein[blank_end], some are free in cytoplasm, some are attached to certain membranes in the cell, some form strings called polysomes to make many copies if a protein (may be helix or rosett), site for building proteins (protein synthesis)

    1. ARibosomes
    2. BRNA
    3. Cprotein
19. 19The [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] has [blank_start]double plasma membrane[blank_end], [blank_start]nucleoplasm[blank_end], [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] and nucleolus

    1. Anucleus
    2. Bdouble plasma membrane
    3. Cnucleoplasm
    4. DDNA
20. 20The [blank_start]nuclear membrane[blank_end] lets ions and small molecules pass freely and regulate passage of larger molecules

    1. Anuclear membrane
21. 21[blank_start]Nucleoplasm[blank_end] contains materials needed for making DNA and RNA

    1. ANucleoplasm
22. 22The [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] function let small ions and molecules pass freely, regulate the passage or larger molecules, contains materials needed for [blank_start]DNA[blank_end] and RNA, controls the cells activities and makes [blank_start]ribosomes[blank_end] and other RNA

    1. Anucleus
    2. BDNA
    3. Cribosomes
23. 23[blank_start]endoplasmic reticulum[blank_end] inside the cell make up chambers (or sacks) and channels

    1. Aendoplasmic reticulum
24. 24The [blank_start]Endomembrane[blank_end] system includes the ER, golgi, transport vesicles (food storage), lysosomes in animals, peroxisomes and a central vacuole in plants.

    

    1. AEndomembrane
25. 25The [blank_start]endoplasmic reticulum[blank_end] is an interconnected network of tubes and flattened sacs (connect to nuclear membrane too) have two types [blank_start]smooth[blank_end] and [blank_start]rough[blank_end]. [blank_start]rough[blank_end] ER is dotted with ribosomes and [blank_start]smooth[blank_end] ER is not.

    

    1. Aendoplasmic reticulum
    2. Bsmooth
    3. Crough
    4. Drough
    5. Esmooth
26. 26the [blank_start]golgi apparatus[blank_end] is a series of flattened sacs near the nucleus (like a stack of pancakes)

    

    1. Agolgi apparatus
27. 27the [blank_start]golgi[blank_end] produces [blank_start]vesicles[blank_end] for transport out of or to targets within a cell

    

    1. Agolgi
    2. Bvesicles
28. 28the [blank_start]golgi[blank_end] adds specific chemical groups to proteins (quaternary structure ), makes polysaccharides, vesicles carry lipids and proteins from ER to golgi, golgi forms vesicles to carry materials to final destination (inside or outside the cell)

    

    1. Agolgi
29. 29[blank_start]transport vesicles[blank_end] the "cardboard box" of the cell, carry lipids, proteins and carbs between cellular compartments, form and fuse with other membrane structures to deliver contents.

    

    1. Atransport vesicles
30. 30[blank_start]lysosomes[blank_end] fuse with other vesicles containing food, bacteria and other particles

    1. Alysosomes
31. 31When a cell is damaged or weak all [blank_start]lysosomes[blank_end] in the cell rupture and digest the entire cell often called the suicide organelle.

    1. Alysosomes
32. 32[blank_start]Vacuoles[blank_end] are large vesicles in plants

    1. AVacuoles
33. 33[blank_start]vacuoles[blank_end] store ions and water soluable molecules as well as noxious compunds , they also provide turgor pressure

    1. Avacuoles
34. 34[blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] extract energy from food, molecules make up ATP

    1. Amitochondria
35. 35Every plant has [blank_start]chloroplasts[blank_end] , but not every plant cell

    1. Achloroplasts
36. 36mitochondria and chloroplasts were free- living prokaryotes.

    1. AEndosymbiosis
    2. Bperoxiomes
37. 37The cytoskeleton is made up of

    

    1. Amicrotubules
    2. Bintermediate filaments are ropelike cables
    3. Cmicrofiliments are thin flexible threads
    4. Dcilia
    5. Eflagella
38. 38many protists and animal cells are covered in [blank_start]cilia[blank_end]

    1. Acilia
39. 39some bacteria , archaeans, and protists and the sperm cells of some plants and animals use [blank_start]flagella[blank_end] to propel themselves through liquid

    1. Aflagella
40. 40[blank_start]centrioles[blank_end] are not found in plant cells, but are used to separate chromosomes during cell division

    1. Acentrioles
41. 41cell walls provides structural support to the cell and allows the flow of materials between cells

    1. AVerdadero
    2. BFalso
42. 42According to cell theory, new cells come from [blank_start]preexisting[blank_end] cells, cells are the [blank_start]basic unit[blank_end] of life and all living organisms are made up of [blank_start]one[blank_end] or more [blank_start]cells[blank_end]

    1. Apreexisting
    2. Bbasic unit
    3. Cone
    4. Dcells
43. 43cells are limited in size because the larger the cell, the less [blank_start]surface area[blank_end] compared to volume they have

    1. Asurface area
44. 44The cell membrane consists of a double layer of [blank_start]phospholipids[blank_end] with [blank_start]protein[blank_end] and [blank_start]cholesterol[blank_end] to stabilize it

    1. Aphospholipids
    2. Bprotein
    3. Ccholesterol
45. 45[blank_start]DNA[blank_end] is contained in the cells nucleus of eukaryotic cells

    1. ADNA
46. 46All bacteria are [blank_start]prokaryotic[blank_end] cells

    1. Aprokaryotic
47. 47Cell membrane functions are

    1. Aseparates the cell from its surrounding environment
    2. Bsurrounds the cell in cytoplasm
    3. Cconcentrates raw materials in a limited space
    4. Dcaptures needed molecules
    5. Eremoves waste
    6. Fcommunicates with other cells
    7. Ganchors the cell in place
    8. Hregulate passage of larger molecules
    9. Icontrols all cell activities

Descripción

Test sobre cells : chapter 3, creado por Chloe Schepers el 18/09/2016.

Autor

Chloe Schepers

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English

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