Test
Environmental Science Final Exam Practice
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Preguntas del test (60)
1Humus is ______________.
- Athe artificial fertilizer applied to monocultures
- Bcomposed of organic compounds and is necessary for fertile soils and for holding soil moisture
- Ca layer sometimes found in a soil horizon that is created by eluviation; it causes serious problems in agriculture fields
- Dcaused by agricultural runoff into waterways or into the water table.
2The loss of more than 10% productivity in arid areas due to erosion, soil compaction, forest removal, and an array of other factors is called _________.
- Aclimatization
- Bglobal climate change
- Cdesertification
- Dsalinization
3Shelterbelts are to ___________________ as terraces are to _________________.
- Awind erosion; water erosion
- Bwater erosion; wind erosion
- Cleaching; desertification
- Dstratification; salinization
4Lands used for grazing livestock
- APasture
- BIntercropping
- CParent material
- DHorizon
5Alternating bands of different types of vegetation planted across a slope
- APasture
- BIntercropping
- CParent material
- DHorizon
6The fundamental geological material for soils in a particular area
- APasture
- BIntercropping
- CParent material
- DHorizon
7The name for an individual layer of soil
- APasture
- BIntercropping
- CParent material
- DHorizon
8Fresh water is ______________.
- ARelatively pure with no dissolved salts
- Bonly available if treated
- CFrom a spring
- DPlentiful in all regions of the world
9Most of the world's fresh water is found in __________.
- ASoil moisture
- Bglaciers and icecaps
- CGroundwater
- DLakes
10Water movement can be traced through the ____________________ cycle.
- AOceanic
- BAtmospheric
- CHydrologic
- DCarbon
11The ______________ zone is characterized by open water that does not receive sunlight. This zone lacks plant life and provides nutrients for few organisms.
- ALimnetic
- BProfundal
- CBenthic
- DLittoral
12Over time, phosphate and nitrate ions from nearby agricultural fields run off into the pond, causing at first a bloom of algae and aquatic plants. As all the excess biomass begins to die for lack of herbivores, measurements of dissolved oxygen begin drop, especially in the ________.
- Abenthic and limnetic zones
- Blittoral zone
- Clittoral and limnetic zones
- Daphotic zone
13Which of the following best describes floodplains?
- Aa region of low-lying land that is periodically flooded when a river overflows
- Ban area that is periodically flooded because humans have altered the landscape
- Can area that is incidentally flooded when farming or mining operations change the course of rivers
- Dan area where flood irrigation of crops is used, such as a rice paddy
14We build dams to do all of the following except ________.
- Agenerate electricity
- Bprovide drinking water
- Cease irrigation
- Dimprove habitat for native fish
15Data indicate that the present rate of freshwater consumption in most developed countries is ________.
- Asustainable for the foreseeable future
- Bunsustainable
- Cirrelevant, as water is not currently limiting
- Donly a problem in areas not on the coast
16Why was the irrigation of Soviet cotton farming operations a problem?
- AIrrigation water came from rivers feeding into one of the largest lakes on Earth and resulted in major contamination of that source
- BIt drained the Aral Sea and increased the salt content of soils.
- CThere was governmental opposition that limited water access, killing crops.
- DIt angered local resort communities, which did not want farming in the region.
17The water on Earth is [blank_start]97.5[blank_end]% salt and [blank_start]2.5[blank_end]% fresh.
- A97.5
- B2.5
18Which of the following will not contribute to water conservation?
- Ause of low-flow faucets
- Btaking shorter showers
- Cwashing dishes by hand
- Dwatering lawns at night
19The fish in the lake at the local park are dying. A professor from the local college comes to investigate, and first she measures the dissolved oxygen. She wants to check the ________.
- APresence of viruses
- Bpossibility of eutrophication
- Caquatic biodiversity
- Damount of turbidity
20Which of the following has contributed to aquifer contamination?
- Afungi entering through wells
- Bhazardous waste disposal, by pumping waste underground
- Cleaching of excess water into aquifers
- Dinappropriate use of household detergents
21A septic system is ________.
- Aa toxic or badly polluted waterway
- Ba small scale method of treating wastewater
- Can wastewater treatment plant which is contaminated and overloaded
- Da second level mechanism to remove bacteria at a wastewater treatment plant
22Upwelling ________.
- Aoccurs in areas where currents converge, or flow toward each other
- Bis the flow of warm water up toward the ocean surface
- Cof ocean water results in areas of high nutrients and primary productivity at the ocean surface
- Doccurs where winds blow at right angles toward the coastline
23Salt marshes ________.
- Acontain too much salt to be inhabited by many organisms
- Boccur mostly in tropical areas
- Coccur mostly in arctic areas
- Doccur mostly in temperate coastal areas
24By-catch ________.
- Ais fishing only at deep levels of the ocean
- Bis fishing only at the surface of the ocean
- Cis the practice of returning female and young fish back to the ocean
- Drefers to the capture of animals not meant to be caught
25Above-average sea water temperatures caused by global warming have been identified as a leading cause for _______.
- Aspontaneous generation of sea plants
- Bcoral bleaching
- Cdecreased nutrients in benthic zone
- Dplastic pollution washing to shore
26Point source water pollution _______________.
- Ais sometimes difficult to regulate, especially if owners or supporters of industrial plants and farming lobby politicians to pressure agencies not to enforce regulations
- BIs less destructive than Non-Point source water pollution.
- CArises from multiple cumulative inputs over a large area
- DIs most destructive to residential areas, city streets and farms
27Oligotrophic conditions are characterized by _______.
- Alow nutrient content, high oxygen content
- Bsmall river flowing into a larger river
- Chigh nutrient content, low oxygen content
- Darea of land drained by a river
28Oxygen found in the ocean is NOT produced by ________.
- APhytoplankton
- Bbacteria
- Cdying organisms
- DDiffusion from atmosphere
29Kelp forests provide all of the following EXCEPT ___________.
- AThickener in cosmetics
- Bprotection from erosion
- CBenthic zone food source
- DFood source for Asian cultures
30Cold currents stem from _____________, while warm currents stem from _______________.
- Athe equator, poles
- Bbeaches, the ocean floor
- Cthe ocean floor, beaches
- Dpoles, the equator
31What casues tides?
- AThe rotation of the earth
- BEarthquakes
- CThe gravitational pull of the Moon and the Sun
- DMagnetic poles of Earth
32Which of the following is NOT a criteria pollutant?
- ACarbon Monoxide
- BMercury
- CNitrous oxides
- DOzone
33What does PM stand for?
- APollution material
- BPollution matter
- CParticulate Matter
- DParticulate material
34Identify the major part of the body that is affected by PM.
- ABowel
- BSkin
- CLiver
- DLungs
35A treatment for Carbon Monoxide poisoning is ___________.
- Ato get fresh air
- Ba heart transplant
- Cchemotherapy
- Dplenty of exercise
36Which of the following is not a source of Nitrous Oxide pollution?
- ABurning fossil fuels
- BRunoff of pesticides from farms
- CVehicle exhaust
- DIndustrial factories
37Tropospheric ozone is __________________________.
- Aa dark colored gas with a strong odor
- Ba colorless gas with a strong odor
- Ca dark colored gas with no odor
- Da colorless gas with no odor
38Ozone is the most intense during ___________________________.
- ACold mornings
- BWinter months
- Crain storms
- DHot afternoons
39What is the most common issue caused by sulfur dioxide pollution?
- AHeart Disease
- BEutrophication
- CIncreased CO2 emissions
- DAcid Rain
40How does carbon monoxide pollution affect the body?
- AIt causes neurological distress and tremors
- BIt hinders oxygen from attaching to hemoglobin
- CIt collects in the lungs and causes asthma
- DIt causes blindness
41Who is the most vulnerable to lead poisoning?
- AElderly
- BImmunodeficient
- CChildren
- DPets (dogs, cats, etc.)
42The ________ mandates reduction of greenhouse gas emissions to levels equal to or lower than those in 1990.
- AKyoto Protocol
- BNorth Atlantic Treaty
- CClean Air Act
- DEnvironmental Protection Agency
43Carbon dioxide is ________.
- Athe most abundant greenhouse gas
- Bthe only greenhouse gas presently decreasing in the atmosphere
- Cthe main anthropogenic greenhouse gas produced in the United States
- Dthe only greenhouse gas presently increasing in the atmosphere
44Milankovitch cycles ________.
- Arefer to shifts in the temperature of surface water in the middle latitudes of the Pacific Ocean
- Bare changes in the Earth's rotation and orbit around the sun that affect climate
- Cdescribe the movement of carbon through Earth's food webs
- Ddescribe the transpiration, evaporation, and precipitation of Earth's water
45El Niño and La Niña ________.
- Aboth increase water temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean
- Bboth increase water temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico
- Coccur in precise patterns every 10 years
- Dboth result in changes in global precipitation patterns
46The exceptionally strong warming of the eastern Pacific Ocean is referred to as ________.
- AEl Niño
- Bthe Coriolis effect
- Cthe Hadley effect
- DLa Niña
47All of the following would be effective strategies to reduce the rate of global climate change, except ________.
- Aincrease the production of wind generated electricity by 50 times
- Bconvert 500 natural gas burning electrical generation plants to coal
- Cmaximize the energy efficiency of all buildings
- Dhalt tropical deforestation and double reforestation
48Why is water vapor a greenhouse gas?
- AWater has a high heat capacity.
- BThe ionic bonds holding water vapor together help it trap heat.
- CHydrogen‑containing compounds trap the most heat.
- DWater is a good conductor of electricity.
49Why does burning fossil fuels increase global warming?
- ANew energy is created on Earth when fossil fuels are burned.
- BBurning fossil fuels destroys the ozone layer.
- COrganic matter trapped in coal, oil, and natural gas becomes carbon dioxide when these fuels burn.
- DBurning fossil fuels removes water vapor from the atmosphere.
50Climatic change is a major concern for environmentalists because it can directly lead to ________.
- Amore heterotrophs on Earth
- Ban increase in the amount of energy on Earth
- Cextinctions
- Da decrease in the amount of energy on Earth
51Overpopulation contributes to global warming when ________.
- Amost of the population is vegetarian
- Bthere is also greater consumption of natural resources
- Cwe compromise our living standards
- Dmost people use public transportation
52Sulfur dioxide contributes to acid precipitation, as well as global warming. This can be explained by ________.
- Aits ability to lower pH+
- Bits ability to raise pH+
- Cthe ability of acids to raise the temperature of the substances which dissolve them
- Dthe airborne nature of all compounds containing oxides
53________ represents a positive feedback loop in global warming
- AReforestation
- BPhotosynthesis
- CReducing fossil fuel use
- DWarming of Earth causing evaporation of surface water
54When ozone is in the _______________________, it is considered a pollutant. However, when it is in the ___________________ it is vital for human existence.
- Astratosphere; troposphere
- Bmesosphere; troposphere
- Ctroposphere; stratosphere
- Dthermosphere; mesosphere
55Which of the following is NOT considered an indoor air pollutant?
- Aasbestos
- Bbacteria and mold
- Cvolatile organic carbons
- Dcarbon dioxide
56Concentrations of ________ have been reduced as a result of the Montreal Protocol.
- ACO2
- BCFCs
- Cnitrous oxide
- DNH4
57In 1952 , London ________.
- Ahosted the Kyoto Protocol
- Bhosted the first international summit on air pollution
- Cexperienced industrial smog that killed 12,000 people
- Dhosted the Olympics
58Warm, moisture-laden air rushing into low pressure areas over warm tropical oceans can generate ________.
- Atornadoes
- Bhurricanes
- Ctsunamis
- Dacid precipitation
59The United States should enact laws slowing global climate change because ________.
- Ait is the most populous nation on Earth
- Bits industry supports the legislation
- Cthe United States is the major source of the problem
- Dglobal climate change effects are most significant in the United States
60The Clear Skies Initiative may have partially aided the problem of global climate change because it would have ________.
- Arequired reduced nitrogen oxide emissions
- Bprovided subsidies for renewable energy
- Crequired reduced carbon dioxide emissions
- Dpermitted the purchase of "wind certificates"
Información
- Descripción
- 12th grade Environmenal Science Test sobre Environmental Science Final Exam Practice, creado por Emma Friend el 11/06/2017.
- Autor
- Emma Friend
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 19
- Historial
- Creado el 11 jun 2017 · actualizado el 6 abr 2018
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
- Aún sin valoraciones Valora este test