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Cardiac test
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Preguntas del test (123)
1The sacklike structure around the heart is the:
- Aepicardium
- Bmyocaridum
- Cendocardium
- Dpericardium
2Which of the following is another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium?
- Aendocardium
- Bepicardium
- Cfibrous pericardium
- Dmyocardium
3The thickest layer of tissue in the heart wall is the:
- Aepicardium
- Bpericardium
- Cmyocardium
- Dendocardium
4The muscular layer of the heart wall is the:
- Aepicardium
- Bpericardium
- Cmyocardium
- Dendocardium
5The internal layer of tissue in the heart is the:
- Aepicardium
- Bperidcardum
- Cmyocardium
- Dendocardium
6The right artrioventricular calve is also called the:
- Abicupsid
- Btricuspid
- Cmitral
- Daortic
7Which of the following is not an atrioventricular valve?
- Aaortic
- Bmitral
- Cbicuspid
- Dtricuspid
8The cavity of the heart that normally has the thickest wall is the:
- Aright artium
- Bleft atrium
- Cright ventricle
- Dleft ventricle
9The valve that guards the left atrioventricular orifice is called the ______valve
- Abicuspid
- Bmitral
- Ctricspid
- DBoth A and B are correct
10Which of the following is a semilunar valve?
- Aaortic
- Bmitral
- Ctricuspid
- Dbicuspid
11All of the following are true statements except:
- Athe right coronary artery is dominant in about 50% of all hearts
- Bboth atria receive their blood supply from branches of the right and left coronary arteries.
- Cthe more abundant blood supply does to the myocardium of the left ventricle rather than the right ventricle
- Donly a few connections or anastomoses exist between the larger branches of the coronary arteries.
12The structure referred to as pacemacker of the heart is (Are) the:
- AAV node
- BSA node
- Ccardiac plexuses
- Dboth A and B are correct
13Which of the following vessels do not have the ability to constrict and dilate?
- Aarterioles
- Barteries
- Ccapillaries
- Dveins
14Both the tunica media and the tunica adventitia are absent in:
- Aarteries
- Bveins
- Ccapillaries
- Dboth B and C
15The tissue layers of blood vessels from exterior to interior are:
- Atunica media, tunica intima, and tunica adventitia
- Btunica adventitia, tunica media, and tunica intima
- Ctunica intima, tunica media, and tunca adventitia
- Dtunica media, tunica adventitia,and tunica intima
16Smooth muscle in blood vessels is located in the tunica:
- Aadventitia
- Bintima
- Cmedia
- Dall of the above are correct
17Which of the following act as blood reservoirs?
- Aarteries
- Barterioles
- Ccapillaries
- Dveins
18The structural components of the circulatory system include the:
- Aheart and lungs
- Bheart and lymph nodes
- Cheart and blood vesssels
- Dheat, vessels,and lymph nodes
19In fetal circulation, the ductus arteriosus and foramen ovale:
- Atake blood from the fetus to the placenta
- Bconnect the pulmonary artery with the aorta
- Cbypass the lungs
- Dshunt blood from the right atrium into the left atrium
20After birth, the umbilical vessels remaining in the infant's body:
- Abecome fibrous cords that remain throughout life
- Bare shed in about 6 weeks
- Cshrink to eventually become capllaries
- Dremain as possible shunts for use later in life
21The order of blood flow through the vessels is:
- Aarterioles, venules, capillaries, arteries, and veins
- Barteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins
- Cverins, venules, capillaries, arterioles, and arteries
- Darterioles, arteries, capillaries, verins, and venules
22which of the following vessels caries blood from the lungs to the heart?
- Aaorta
- Bpulmonary artery
- Cpulmonary vein
- Dinferior vena cava
23all arteries of the systemic circulation branch from the:
- Asuperior vena cava
- Bpulmonary artery
- Cinnominate artery
- Daorta
24as the external iliac artery enters the thigh, its name changes to the ______ artery
- Asubclavian
- Bbrachial
- Cfemoral
- Dpopliteal
25a vein that returns blood from the head is the:
- Acarotid
- Binnominate
- Cazygos
- Djugular
26Which of the following is a superficial vein in the lower arm?
- Agreat saphenous
- Bcephalic
- Cbrachial
- Daxillary
27blood from the stomach and intestines goes to the liver through the:
- Ahepatic portal vein
- Bhepatic vein
- Crenal vein
- Dinferior vena cava
28regarding fetal circulation, the small vessel connecting the pulmonary artery with descending thoracic aorta is called the
- Aductus arteriosus
- Bforamen ovale
- Cductus venosus
- Dumbilical artery
29in fetal circulation, the ductus vernosus
- Atakes blood from the fetus to the placenta
- Bconnects the pulmonary arter with the aorta
- Cbypasses the liver
- Dshunts blood from the right atrium into the left atrium
30atherosclerosis is characterized by the deposition of lipids in the tunica
- Aintima
- Badventitia
- Cmedia
- Dall of the above are correct
31which of the following is a stretching of the artery walls?
- Avaricose veins
- Banastomosis
- Cphlebitis
- Daneurysm
32the correct order of the layers of the heart from deep to superficial are:
- Amyocardium, pericardium, and endocardium
- Bepicardium, myocardium, and pericardium
- Cepicardium, myocardium, and endocardium
- Dendocardium, myocardium and epidcardium
33the pulmonary and aortic valves are also called _______ valves
- Acuspid
- Bsemilunar
- Caortic
- Dpulmonary
34atrioventricular valves prevent back flow of blood into the:
- Aatria
- Blungs
- Cvena caba
- Dventricles
35The ventricle of the heart that ejects blood toward the lungs is the:
- Aright artium
- Bright ventricle
- Cleft atrium
- Dleft ventricle
36which of the following is a cuspid valve?
- Aaortic
- Bpulmonary
- Cmitral
- DBoth A and B
37choradae tendineae are associated with which structure(s)?
- Aaortic valve
- Bmitral valve
- Ctricuspid valve
- Dboth B and C
38The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the:
- Alungs
- Bleft artium
- Cright atrium
- Dnone of the above are correct
39the pulmonary arteries empty blood into the:
- Aright atrium
- Bright venticle
- Cleft atrium
- Dleft ventricle
40which of the following is not true of the myocardium?
- Acells are joined by intercalated disks
- Bthe mucsle cells are autorhythmic
- Cthe muscle cells are quickly summate contraction to produce tetanus
- Dit is made of electrically coupled functional units called syncytia
41Which of the following is not true of the atria?
- Athey have thinner myocardial walls than do ventricles
- Bthey are same structure as the auricle
- Cthey are called receiving chambers of the heart
- Dall of the above are true of the atria
42which of the following is not true of ventricles?
- Athey are pumping chambers of the heart
- Bthe myocardium of the ventricles is thicker than that of atria
- Cthe myocardium of the left ventricle is thicker than that of the right ventrcle
- Dall of the above are true of the ventricles
43if damaged, which valve could allow blood to leak back into the left ventricle?
- Abicuspid
- Btricuspid
- Caortic semilunar
- Dpulmonary semilunar
44if damaged, which valve could allow blood to leak back into the right atrium
- Abicuspid
- Btricuspid
- Caortic semilnar
- Dpulmonary semilunar
45which of the following statements is not true about the nerve supply to the heart
- Athe heart is autorhythmic
- Bthe heart receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic impules
- CAll of the above about he verve supple to the heart
- Dthe vagus nerve serves as an inhibitory nerve
46which statetment is true of arteries
- Athey always carry oxygenated blood
- Bthey always carry blood away from the heart
- Cthey are capacitance vessels of the body
- DBoth A and B are true of arteries
47which statement is true of veins
- Athey always carry non oxygenated blood
- Bthey can be wither muscular or elastic
- Cthey always carry blood back to the heart
- DAll of the above is true of veins
48The most important blood vessels in the cardio vascular system are the:
- Acapillaries
- Barteries
- Cveins
- Darterioles
49the blood vessels connecting the two capillary beds in the hepatic portal system is called an:
- Aartery, because it is carrying blood to a capillary bed
- Barteriole, because it has a precapillary sphincter muscle
- Cvein, because it is draining blood from a capillary bed
- Dportal vessel, because it is not easily classified as an artery or vein
50The heart begins beating in the fetus at about what stage of development?
- Afourth month
- Bsecond month
- Cafter about 4 weeks
- Dafter about 2 weeks
51which of the following statements is not rue of the location of the heart?
- Ait lies in the mediastinum
- Bit lies to the right of the mid line of the body
- Cit lies behind of the body of the sternum
- Dall of the above are true about the location of the heart
52which of the following statements is not true of the heart
- Athe heart of an adult is proportionally larger than the heat of an infant
- Bthe heart reaches its adult size between puberty and 25 years of age
- Cthe average weight of the heart is about 85 grams more in the male than in the femail
- Dthe heart tends to take on the shape of the chest of individual
53pericardial fluid can be found between the
- Amyocardium and the epicardium
- Bmyocardium and the endocardium
- Cpericardium and the ribs
- Depicardium and the pericardium
54Cuspid valves open into:
- Athe aorta
- Bthe pulmonary artery
- Cventricles of the heart
- Dboth A and B
55semilunar valves open into:
- Athe aorta
- Bthe pulmonary artery
- Cventricles of the heart
- Dboth A and B
56Blood from the superior vena cava enters which part of the heart?
- Aright artium
- Bright ventricle
- Cleft atrium
- Dleft ventricle
57if the chordae tenineae in the right side of the heart were damaged, it might cause blood to leak into the:
- Apulmonary artery during heart contraction
- Bright ventricle during heart contraction
- Cright atrium during heart contraction
- Dright ventricle during heart relaxation
58Which of the these blood vessels are called resistance vessels?
- Avenules
- Bmuscular arteries
- Carterioles
- Dmetarterioles
59which of these blood vessels contain precapillary sphincters?
- Avencules
- Bmuscular arteries
- Carterioles
- Dmetarterioles
60After birth, the dctus venoss closes and:
- Aallows blood to flow to the lungs
- Ballows blood to flow to the liver
- Cprevents blood from moving from the right to the left atrium
- Dstoops blood flow to the placenta
61What is the functional significance of large areas of cardiac muscle being electrically coupled to form a single functional synytium.
- Abecause they form a syncytium, cardiac, muscles can contract of their own
- Bbecause they form a sncytium, muscle cells can pass an action potential along a large area of the heart wall, stimulating contraction in each muscle fiber of the syncytium
- Cbecause they form a syncytium, muscle cells cannot summate contraction to produce tetanus and thus not fatigue
- Dbecause they form a syncythium, cardiacmuscle cells can pass an action potential by way of internodal budles contracting both atrial chambers.
62Christopher, a 2 month old infant, has a bluish tinge to his skin, upon listening to the infants chest, the physician became concerned about a leakage of blood between the right and left atria. What might have caused this problem and what is the treatments?
- Athe ductus venosus may not have closed at birth, and immediate surgical repair may be needed
- Bthe ductus arteriosus may not have closed at birth, and immediate surgical repair may be needed
- Cthe foramen ovale may not be closed, causing back flow of blood into the lungs. they physician will reexamine the infant frequently because the foramen ovale may take as long as 9 months to heal
- DThe foramen ovale may be closed, causing black flow of blood into the lungs. the physician will reexamine the infant frequently because the formen ovale may take as long as 9 months to open
63The blood entering the aorta has just left which heart chamber?
- Aright atrium
- Bright ventricle
- Cleft atrium
- Dleft ventricle
64what is the correct explanation for how cardiac tamponade can affect the heart?
- Ait causes a prolasped mitral valve, one whose flaps extend back into the left atrium, causing incompetence/leaking of the valve
- Bit causes blood to not only eject forward into the aorta but also regurgitate back into the left ventricle because of the leaky aortic semilunar valve
- Cit is a compression of the heart that impairs the pumping action of the heart and needs immediate pericardial drainage.
- Dit is a delayed inflammatory response to streptococcal infection that results in stenosis of other deformities of the valves, chordae tenineae, or myocardium
65how would relocating a vein for the purpose of bypassing a partial blockage in the coronary arteries support a better functioning heart?
- Ait would reduce the infection near the heart
- Bit would reduce the size of an enlarged heart by removing venous blood from damaged area, thus making the heart a better pump
- Cit would increase the cardiac contraction ability of the heart muscle by removing venous blood from the damaged area
- Dit would construct detours around the blocked coronary arteries and return oxygen rich blood flow to the coronary arteries
66if AV node were forced to assume pacemaker activity, the resulting pulse rate would be ___________
- A10 to 30
- B20 to 40
- C30 to 50
- D40 to 60
67the normal pattern of impulse conduction through the heart is:
- AAV node, SA, node, bundle of is, and purkinje fibers
- BAV node, SA node,purkinje fibers and bundle of his
- CSA node, AV node, purkinje fibers, and bundle of his
- DSA node, AV node, Bundle of his, and purkinje fibers
68which of the following most accurately describes what is measured by an electroncaridgram?
- Aelectrical conductiviy
- Bnumber of contraction per minute
- Cthe speed and strength of contractions
- Dany adnormal functioning
69which of the following would not cause an ectopic beat?
- Abundle of his
- Bpurkinje fibers
- CSA node
- DAV node
70the ORS complex represents
- Adepolarization of the atria
- Brepolarization of the atria and depolarization of the ventricles
- Cdepolarization of both the atria and ventricles
- Drepolarization of the ventricles
71all of the following will increase heart rate except:
- Asympathetic stimulation
- Ba decrease in aortic blood pressusre
- Ca decrease in carotid blood pressure
- Dstimulation of cold receptors in the skin
72Which of the following is not a true of the baroceptors?
- Athey are stretch receptors
- Bthey are sensitive to changes in the oxygen content of the blood
- Cthey send afferent nerve impulses to the cardiac control centers
- Dthey are located in the carotid sinus and the aorta
73which of the following factors increases heart rate?
- Asudden, intense pain of visceral organs such as the intestine and gall bladder
- Bstimuulation of the skin receptors by cold
- Canxiety and fear
- Dgrief
74Heart sounds are made by the _____ valve
- Aclosing of the AV
- Bclosing of the simulinar
- Cmovement of blood trough the
- DBoth A and B are correct
75A cause of a heart murmur may be
- Aincomplete closing of a valve
- Bincomplete contraction of the atria
- Cnarrowing of a valve
- Dboth A and C
76Peripheral resistance is affected primarily by
- Athe length of myocaridal fibers
- Bblood viscosity and diameter of arterioles
- Cthe capacity of blood reservoirs
- Dclasticity of the heart
77hypokalemia can cause an increase in the size of which of the following
- AP wave
- BORS complex
- CT wave
- DU wave
78Which of the following is not a mechanism that increases blood volume and therefore venous return of blood to the heart.
- Aantidiuretic hormone
- Baldosterone
- Cartial natriuretic hormone
- Drenin-angiotensin mechanism
79Which of the following is not a true statement about cardiac output?
- Ait can be calculated by dividing the stroke volume by the heart rate
- Bit is the amount of blood that flows out of a ventricle per unit of time.
- Cit can be computed by using Fick's formula
- Dall of the above are true statements about cardiac ouput
80The first heart sound heard, or 'lub' sound, is caused by the __________ and the _______ valve
- Aventricles contracting AV
- Batria contracting SL
- Catria contracting SL duplicate
- Dventricles relaxing AV
81the primary fluid flow principle of circulation is based on all of the following, except a fluid
- Aflows only when a pressure gradient is absent
- Bdoes not flow when the pressure is the same in all parts of it
- Cflows only wen its pressure is higher in one area than in another
- Dflows always from its higher pressure area toward its lower pressure area
82an increase in heart rate tends to increase
- Acardiac output
- Barterial blood colume
- Cblood pressure
- Dall of the above
83Cardiac output is determined by the
- Areturn of blood to the heart and the heart rate
- Bstrength of contraction of the left ventricle
- Cstroke volume and heart rate
- Dsystolic discharge and stoke volume
84which of the following statements is true regarding local control of arterioles?
- Alocal vasoldilation is also referred to as reactive hyperemia
- Bnitric oxide causes vasoconstriction
- Cendothelin causes asoldilation
- Dall of the above statements are true regarding local control of arterioles
85The Fick formula is used for determining:
- Acardiac ouput
- Bblood vessel resistance
- Cmean pressure of the arteries
- Dcardiac cycle
86The greatest resistance to blood flow occurs in the
- Aarteries
- Barterioles
- Cvenules
- Dcaillaries
87Which of the following events would tend to cause a decrease in blood visocsity
- Aan increase in red blood cell count
- Bmarked anemia
- Can increase in blood protein concentration
- Dboth A and C
88A decrease in total plasma volume results from the _______ mechanism
- Aartial natriuretic hormone
- Bantidiuretic hormone
- Crenin angiotensin
- Daldosterone
89Minute volume is equal to the:
- Acentral venous pressure divided by the resistance
- Bmean arterial pressure divided by the central venous pressure
- Cpressure gradient divided by the resistance
- Ddifference between the mean arterial pressure and the resistance,divided by the central venous pressure
90Which artery in the arm is used for measuring blood pressure
- Abronchial
- Bradial
- Culnar
- Daxillary
91When you take a blood pressure reading, the first sound that you hear top reading is:
- Asystolic sound, indicating the relaxation of the ventricles
- Bsystolic sound, indicating the contraction of the ventricles
- Cdiastolic reading, indication the contraction of the atria
- Ddiastolic sound, indicating the relaxation of the ventricles
92which of the following blood vessels had the largest total cross sectional area
- Acapillary
- Baorta
- Cvena cava
- Darteriole
93The best description of pulse pressure is the:
- Apressure of blood against artery walls during ventricular systole
- Bpressure of blood against artery walls during ventricular diastole
- Cpressure of blood against artery walls during atrial systole
- Ddifference between the systolic and the diastolic blood pressure
94The pulse in the neck is felt over which artery
- Atemporal
- Bcommon carotid
- Cesophageal
- Dvertebral
95The pulse in the wrist is felt over which artery
- Aradial
- Bbrachial
- Culnar
- Daxillary
96which of the following arteries is not one of the six major pressure points used to stop arterial bleeding
- Abrachial
- Bfemoral
- Csubclavian
- Daxillary
97on an ECG the T wave represents
- Adepolarization of the atria
- Brepolarization of atria
- Cdepolarization of the ventricles
- Drepolarization of the ventricles
98Depolarization of the ventricles is
- Aclearly depicted by the ORS complex
- Bmasked by the massive ventricular depolarization
- Cmasked by the massive ventricular repolarization
- Dnon of the aboe
99Vasomotor control mechanism influence
- Adiameter of capillaries
- Bstroke volume
- Ccardiac ouput
- Ddiameter of arterioles
100a collection of mechanisms that influence the circulation of the blood is the definition for
- Abaroreceptors
- Bhemodynamics
- Cminute volume
- Dthe Fick law
101which part of the ORS complex represents the repolarization of the atria?
- AQ wave
- BR wave
- CS wave
- Dnone of the above
102The blood in the subclavian vein of the chest had a P1 of 15 mm Hg. For the blood to flow back to the heart the P2 in the superior vena cava
- Awould have to greater than 25
- Bwould have to be between 15 and 25
- Cwould have to be less than 15
- Dcould be at any value
103Which of the following statement s is true?
- Astimulation by the vagus nerve slows the heart rate
- Bstimulation by the cardiac nerve slows the heart rate
- Cparasympathetic stimulation occurs through the cardiac nerve
- DBoth B and C are true
104Peripheral resistance to blood glow comes about because of
- Afriction between the blood cells and vessel walls
- Ban increase in "arteriole run off"
- Cconstriction of the veins at the end of the capillary bed
- Dboth A and C
105Which of the following is not part of the vasomotor control mechanism?
- Athe vasocontrictor center in the medulla
- Bsympathetic stimulation of smooth muscles surrounding the resistance vessel
- Csympathetic stimulation of the heart to increase cardiac output
- Dall of the above are part of the vasomotor control mechanism
106Blood in the veins of which organ is not considered par of the 'blood reservoir' system?
- Askin
- Bskeletal muscle
- Cspleen
- Dliver
107The chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies are particularly sensitive to
- Ahypercapnia
- Bhpoxia
- Ca decrease in blood pH
- Dan increase in the hydrgoen ion concentration of the blood
108the effect of what substance is to increase the total blood volume?
- AADH
- BANH
- CAldosterone
- Dboth A and C
109Which of the following statements is not true of the cardiovascular system
- Afor the body to survive all parts of the body must be equally supplied with blood
- Bthe cardiovascular system contains much less blood than the system could hold
- Cblood must be directed to the cells that need it most
- Dblood must move constantly through the cardiovascular system
110Which of the following tasks must the circulation control mechanism accomplish
- Amaintain circulation
- Bvary the volume and distribution of the blood circulated
- Cmake sure that all cells receive the same amount of blood to maintain nutrient and oxygen levels
- Dboth A and B are correct
111which of the following is true of the conduction system of the heart?
- Ait is made of cardiac muscle
- Bit is made of nervous tissue
- Cit continues its contractile roll even while conducting an impulse
- DBoth A and C are true of the conduction system of the heart
112which part of the conduction system of the heart is referred to as the pacemaker?
- Apurkinje fibers
- Bsinoatrial node
- Cartioventricular node
- Dartioventrcular bundles
113Artial systole causes blood to
- Aleave the heart
- Bmove through the semilunar valves
- Cmove through the cuspid valves
- Ddo both A and B
114which of the following is not a means by which venous blood is returned to the heart?
- Athe semilunar valves in the vein
- Brespiration, which reduces pressure in the thorax and increases pressure in the addomen
- Cthe contraction of skeletal muscles pushing blood through the weins
- Dall the above are means by which venous blood returns to the heart
115which of the following factors would cause fluid to leave the blood vessel at the arterial end of the capillary?
- Ahigh hydrostatic pressure of the blood
- Bhigh hydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid
- Chigh colloid pressure of the plasma proteins
- DAll of above
116Which of the following factor would cause fluid to be reabsorbed into the blood vessel at the venous end of the capillary?
- Ahigh hydrostatic pressure of the blood
- Bhigh colloid pressure of the plasma proterins
- Chydrostatic pressure of the interstitial fluid
- Dboth B and C
117The period between the closure of the semilunar valve and the opening of the atrioventricular
- Aatrial systole
- Bisovolumetric ventricular contraction
- Cisovolumetric ventricular relaxation
- Dpassive ventricular filling
118the period between the filling of the ventricles and the opening of the semilunar valves is called
- Aatrial systole
- Bisovolumtetric ventricular contraction
- Cisovoumetric relaxation
- Dpassive ventricular filling
119the period during which blood is pumped out of the atria and into the ventricles is called:
- Aatrial systole
- Bisovolumetric ventricular contraction
- Cisovolumetric ventricular relaxation
- Dpassive ventricular filling
120Circulatory shock caused by an acute allergic reaction is called _____ shick
- Acardiogenic
- Bhypovolemic
- Canaphylactic
- Dseptic
121Circulatory shock caused by the effects of infectious agents is called ______ shock
- Acardogenic
- Bhypovolemic
- Canaphylactic
- Dseptic
122Circulatory shock caused by a drop in the amount of blood in the circulatory system is called ______ shock
- Acardiogenic
- Bhypovolemic
- Canaphylactic
- Dseptic
123When trying to stop arterial bleeding by applying pressure, why is it necessary to apply pressure between the bleeding part and the heart?
- Abecause blood flows from the heart through the arteries to the injured part, pressure placed between the heart and the bleeding point cuts off the source of blood flow to that point
- Bbecause blood pressure is greater in the arteries coming from the heart, pressure placed between the heart and bleeding point reduces pressure, thus cutting off source of blood flow to that point
- Cbecause venous blood pressure changes by alternate contraction and relaxation of the atria, pressure placed between the heart and bleeding point cuts off the source of venous blood flow to that point
- Dbecause arterial blood pressure changes by alternate contraction and relaxation of the atria, pressure placed between the heart and bleeding point cuts off the source of arterial blood flow to the point.
Información
- Descripción
- immunity test Test sobre Cardiac test, creado por Anjetta Johnson el 23/08/2017.
- Autor
- Anjetta Johnson
- Idioma
- English
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