Test
1807NRS Safe Administration of Medications 1
Preguntas del test (40)
1Pharmacokinetics is:
- AThe study of biological and therapeutic effects of drugs
- BThe study of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs
- CThe study of mechanisms of drug action
- DThe study of methods of new drug development
2What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
- AComplications of drug therapy
- BDrug biotransformation in the organism
- CInfluence of drugs on metabolism processes
- DInfluence of drugs on genes
3What does “pharmacokinetics” include?
- APharmacological effects of drugs
- BUnwanted effects of drugs
- CChemical structure of a medicinal agent
- DDistribution of drugs in the organism
4The main mechanism of most drugs absorption in GI tract is:
- AActive transport (carrier-mediated diffusion)
- BFiltration (aqueous diffusion)
- CEndocytosis and exocytosis
- DPassive diffusion (lipid diffusion)
5What kind of substances can’t permeate membranes by passive diffusion?
- ALipid-soluble
- BNon-ionized substances
- CHydrophobic substances
- DHydrophilic substances
6A hydrophilic medicinal agent has the following property:
- ALow ability to penetrate through the cell membrane lipids
- BPenetrate through membranes by means of endocytosis
- CEasy permeation through the blood-brain barrier
- DHigh reabsorption in renal tubules
7What is implied by «active transport»?
- ATransport of drugs trough a membrane by means of diffusion
- BTransport without energy consumption
- CEngulf of drug by a cell membrane with a new vesicle formation
- DTransport against concentration gradient
8What does the term “bioavailability” mean?
- APlasma protein binding degree of substance
- BPermeability through the brain-blood barrier
- CFraction of an uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation following any route administration
- DAmount of a substance in urine relative to the initial doze
9The reasons determining bioavailability are:
- ARheological parameters of blood
- BAmount of a substance obtained orally and quantity of intakes
- CExtent of absorption and hepatic first-pass effect
- DGlomerular filtration rate
10Pick out the appropriate alimentary route of administration when passage of drugs through liver is minimised:
- AOral
- BTransdermal
- CRectal
- DIntraduodenal
11Which route of drug administration is most likely to lead to the first-pass effect?
- ASublingual
- BOral
- CIntravenous
- DIntramuscular
12What is characteristic of the oral route?
- AFast onset of effect
- BAbsorption depends on GI tract secretion and motor function
- CA drug reaches the blood passing the liver
- DThe sterilisation of medicinal forms is obligatory
13Tick the feature of the sublingual route:
- AA drug has a pretty fast absorption
- BA drug is exposed to gastric secretion
- CA drug is exposed more prominent liver metabolism
- DA drug can be administrated in a variety of doses
14Pick out the parenteral route of medicinal agent administration:
- ARectal
- BOral
- CSublingual
- DInhalation
15Parenteral administration:
- ACannot be used with unconsciousness patients
- BGenerally results in a less accurate dosage than oral administration
- CUsually produces a more rapid response than oral administration
- DIs too slow for emergency use
16What is characteristic of the intramuscular route of drug administration?
- AOnly water solutions can be injected
- BOily solutions can be injected
- COpportunity of hypertonic solution injections
- DThe action develops slower, than at oral administration
17Intravenous injections are more suitable for oily solutions:
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
18Correct statements listing characteristics of a particular route of drug administration include all of the following EXCEPT:
- AIntravenous administration provides a rapid response
- BIntramuscular administration requires a sterile technique
- CInhalation provides slow access to the general circulation
- DSubcutaneous administration may cause local irritation
19Most of drugs are distributed homogeneously.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
20Biological barriers include all except:
- ARenal tubules
- BCell membranes
- CCapillary walls
- DPlacenta
21What is the reason of complicated penetration of some drugs through brain-blood barrier?
- AHigh lipid solubility of a drug
- BMeningitis
- CAbsence of pores in the brain capillary endothelium
- DHigh endocytosis degree in a brain capillary
22The volume of distribution (Vd) relates:
- ASingle to a daily dose of an administrated drug
- BAn administrated dose to a body weight
- CAn uncharged drug reaching the systemic circulation
- DThe amount of a drug in the body to the concentration of a drug in plasma
23For the calculation of the volume of distribution (Vd) one must take into account:
- AConcentration of a substance in plasma
- BConcentration of substance in urine
- CTherapeutical width of drug action
- DA daily dose of drug
24A small amount of the volume of distribution is common for lipophylic substances easy penetrating through barriers and widely distributing in plasma, interstitial and cell fluids:
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
25The term “biotransformation” includes the following:
- AAccumulation of substances in a fat tissue
- BBinding of substances with plasma proteins
- CAccumulation of substances in a tissue
- DProcess of physicochemical and biochemical alteration of a drug in the body
26Biotransformation of the drugs is to render them:
- ALess ionized
- BMore pharmacologically active
- CMore lipid soluble
- DLess lipid soluble
27Tick the drug type for which microsomal oxidation is the most prominent:
- ALipid soluble
- BWater soluble
- CLow molecular weight
- DHigh molecular weight
28Pick out the right statement:
- AMicrosomal oxidation always results in inactivation of a compound
- BMicrosomal oxidation results in a decrease of compound toxicity
- CMicrosomal oxidation results in an increase of ionization and water solubility of a drug
- DMicrosomal oxidation results in an increase of lipid solubility of a drug thus its excretion from the organism is facilitated
29Stimulation of liver microsomal enzymes can:
- ARequire the dose increase of some drugs
- BRequire the dose decrease of some drugs
- CProlong the duration of the action of a drug
- DIntensify the unwanted reaction of a drug
30Metabolic transformation (phase 1) is:
- AAcetylation and methylation of substances
- BTransformation of substances due to oxidation, reduction or hydrolysis
- CGlucuronide formation
- DBinding to plasma proteins
31Biotransformation of a medicinal substance results in:
- AFaster urinary excretion
- BSlower urinary excretion
- CEasier distribution in organism
- DHigher binding to membranes
32Conjugation is:
- AProcess of drug reduction by special enzymes
- BProcess of drug oxidation by special oxidases
- CCoupling of a drug with an endogenous substrate
- DSolubilization in lipids
33Which of the following processes proceeds in the second phase of biotransformation?
- AAcetylation
- BReduction
- COxidation
- DHydrolysis
34Metabolic transformation and conjugation usually results in an increase of a substance biological activity:
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
35In case of liver disorders accompanied by a decline in microsomal enzyme activity the duration of action of some drugs is:
- ADecreased
- BEnlarged
- CRemained unchanged
- DChanged insignificantly
36Half life (t ½) is the time required to:
- AChange the amount of a drug in plasma by half during elimination
- BMetabolize a half of an introduced drug into the active metabolite
- CAbsorb a half of an introduced drug
- DBind a half of an introduced drug to plasma proteins
37Half life (t ½) doesn’t depend on:
- ABiotransformation
- BTime of drug absorption
- CConcentration of a drug in plasma
- DRate of drug elimination
38Elimination is expressed as follows:
- ARate of renal tubular reabsorption
- BClearance speed of some volume of blood from substance
- CTime required to decrease the amount of drug in plasma by one-half
- DClearance of an organism from a xenobiotic
39The most rapid eliminated drugs are those with high glomerular filtration rate and actively secreted but aren’t passively reabsorbed:
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
40Systemic clearance (CLs) is related with:
- AOnly the concentration of substances in plasma
- BOnly the elimination rate constant
- CVolume of distribution, half life and elimination rate constant
- DBioavailability and half life
Información
- Descripción
- End of Trimester 2, 2017 Quiz
- Autor
- Kathleen Jackson
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 245
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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