¡GoConqr estrena diseño! Cuéntanos qué te parece.

Regístrate gratis

Test

Socials 9 June 2015 Exam

Clarissa Sastrawidjaya 60 preguntas 5,0 (1 valoración)

Hacer el test

Preguntas del test (60)

  1. 1Define “philosophy”.
    1. AThe definition of philosophy is “the study of truths and laws underlining all knowledge and reality”.
    2. BThe definition of philosophy is "facts, information, and skills acquired by a person through experience or education; the theoretical or practical understanding of a subject".
    3. CThe definition of philosophy is "the quality of having experience, knowledge, and good judgment; the quality of being wise".
  2. 2How was the Enlightenment brought about?
    1. APhilosophers wished to bring light to a society that they considered was full of darkness, ignorance, superstition, and prejudice.
    2. BThe Enlightenment was influenced by the scientific method started during the Renaissance.
    3. CPhilosophers thought that if the universe could be explained, then why not society as well? They thought that they could use reason to discover natural laws that determined human behaviour.
    4. DLouis XVI ordered people known as "philosophes" to spread ideas throughout France.
    5. EThe new and unpopular queen, Austrian Marie Antoinette, fostered an atmosphere of freethinking with her sociable personality to gain popularity for herself.
  3. 3How was the Enlightenment affected by the Scientific Revolution? Why is it called the “Age of Reason”?
    1. AThe Enlightenment was influenced by the scientific method started during the Renaissance.
    2. BEnlightenment philosophers thought that if the universe could be explained, then why not society as well? They thought that they could use reason to discover natural laws that determined human behaviour.
    3. CThe most famous Enlightenment thinker, Baron de Montesquieu, was born during the Scientific Revolution to parents who were very philosophical. The influence was not lost on the teenage Montesquieu, despite his logical and analytical personality. He combined his two great loves to start the Enlightenment.
  4. 4List the ideas of the philosophe Baron de Montesquieu.
    1. A1. Government should be made up of three branches:
      • Legislature (makes the laws)
      • Judiciary (interprets the laws)
      • King (enforces the laws)
      2. No one branch of the government should dominate another. Checks and balances are put in to make sure this does not happen.
    2. B1. Countries should have a strong ruler.
      2. These rulers should be well-educated and have studied the methods of good government.
      3. A good ruler was one who protected the basic rights of the people.
      4. Voltaire believed in religious toleration and freedom of thought.
      5. He is credited with saying, “I may not agree with a word you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it.”
    3. C1. Human nature is basically good.
      2. Society and civilization change man from a noble savage (a pure being) into something bad. They corrupt man.
      3. It is impossible for man to live in a natural state, i.e. without civilization and society, but it is possible to make an ideal society.
      4. In an ideal society, people form a community and make a contract with each other and not with a ruler.
      5. People give up their individual freedom in favour of the decision of the majority. This decision of the majority is called general will.
      6. In this democratic society, everyone gets to vote on all decisions and everyone accepts the community decision (the general will).
      7. People are equal, therefore titles of rank and nobility should be abolished.
      8. “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”
  5. 5List the ideas of the philosophe Voltaire.
    1. A1. Countries should have a strong ruler.
      2. These rulers should be well-educated and have studied the methods of good government.
      3. A good ruler was one who protected the basic rights of the people.
      4. Voltaire believed in religious toleration and freedom of thought.
      5. He is credited with saying, “I may not agree with a word you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it."
    2. B1. Human nature is basically good.
      2. Society and civilization change man from a noble savage (a pure being) into something bad. They corrupt man.
      3. It is impossible for man to live in a natural state, i.e. without civilization and society, but it is possible to make an ideal society.
      4. In an ideal society, people form a community and make a contract with each other and not with a ruler.
      5. People give up their individual freedom in favour of the decision of the majority. This decision of the majority is called general will.
      6. In this democratic society, everyone gets to vote on all decisions and everyone accepts the community decision (the general will).
      7. People are equal, therefore titles of rank and nobility should be abolished.
      8. “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”
    3. C1. People are basically reasonable and will cooperate with each other.
      2. Government is an agreement between a ruler and his people, but rulers can stay in power only so long as the people give their consent.
      3. If a ruler is a bad ruler, he has broken the basis of the contract and the people have the right to rebel against him.
      4. People have basic rights - the right to life, liberty, and property.
  6. 6List the ideas of the philosophe Jean Jacques Rousseau.
    1. A1. Human nature is basically good.
      2. Society and civilization change man from a noble savage (a pure being) into something bad. They corrupt man.
      3. It is impossible for man to live in a natural state, i.e. without civilization and society, but it is possible to make an ideal society.
      4. In an ideal society, people form a community and make a contract with each other and not with a ruler.
      5. People give up their individual freedom in favour of the decision of the majority. This decision of the majority is called general will.
      6. In this democratic society, everyone gets to vote on all decisions and everyone accepts the community decision (the general will).
      7. People are equal, therefore titles of rank and nobility should be abolished.
      8. “Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.”
    2. B1. People are basically reasonable and will cooperate with each other.
      2. Government is an agreement between a ruler and his people, but rulers can stay in power only so long as the people give their consent.
      3. If a ruler is a bad ruler, he has broken the basis of the contract and the people have the right to rebel against him.
      4. People have basic rights – the right to life, liberty, and property.
    3. C1. If people are left alone, they will fight constantly.
      2. Strict rules are needed to keep people in line.
      3. To escape the confusion that would result if people were left alone without a ruler, people give up their freedom and enter into an agreement with the ruler. He/she makes sure that there is peace and order.
      4. Once people have entered into this agreement or contract, they cannot rebel, even if the ruler turns out to be a bad one.
      5. He thought that life was nasty, brutish, and short.
  7. 7How did the Enlightenment thinkers influence the Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen?
    1. AThose two documents set out basic human rights that governments may not overlook.
    2. BThey contain ideas taken from English philosopher John Locke, as well as the other Enlightenment philosophes – Voltaire, Montesquieu, and Rousseau.
    3. CThe declarations guarantee freedom of thought, speech, religion, security, and property, and it put limits on the power of the government.
    4. DThe Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen expresses that life is nasty, brutish, and short.
    5. EThe Declaration of Independence and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen expresses that animals are fluffy and really cute.
  8. 8How did the Enlightenment thinkers contradict the theory of absolute monarchy?
    1. A• John Locke
      a) Believed that rulers should not have unlimited power. He thought that government must be an agreement between a ruler and his people.
      b) Believed that there is no “God-given power”. Power comes from the people, of whom must give consent to a person to rule and to remain a ruler.
      c) Believed that people can rebel against a ruler if he has done wrong.
      d) **Believed that power does not come from God, but the people.
    2. B• Baron de Montesqieu
      a) **Believed that no one person or group should hold unlimited power.
      b) Believed that many people should collaborate to rule a country. Montesquieu thought there should be three branches that make up government:
      a) Legislature: makes the laws
      b) Judiciary: interprets the laws
      c) King: enforces the laws.
      c) Believed that no one group/person should be all-powerful; no one branch should dominate another.
      d) Believed that no one group/person should be all-powerful; checks and balances should be implemented to ensure that this does not occur.
    3. C• Jean Jacques Rousseau
      1. **Believed that no one person should hold all the power – people should give up their individual freedom in favour of the decision of the majority. This majority ruling is called “general will”. In this ideal society of democracy, everyone should be able to vote on all decisions and everyone accepts the community’s decision (a.k.a. the general will).
      2. Believed that no one person or no group(s) of people is/are higher than any others. He thought that people are equal, and therefore titles of rank and nobility should be abolished.
  9. 9What were the political causes of the French Revolution?
    1. A⇒ The influence of Enlightenment thought
      1. Locke said:
      ➢ People have basic rights
      ➢ Rulers can stay in power as long as the people give their consent
      ➢ People can revolt
      2. Rousseau said:
      ➢ People are equal
      ➢ All nobility should be abolished
      ➢ General will > people give up their freedom in favour of majority rule
    2. B⇒ The American Revolution
      ➢ Democratic ideas spread from the New World to the Old World
    3. C⇒ The demands of the Third Estate
      ➢ These people were angry with the unequal division of land and the burden placed on them, and the status quo voting system in the Estates General.
    4. D⇒ The Haitian Revolution
      ➢ The Haitians could no longer restrain themselves from rising up against their oppressors and abolishing slavery.
  10. 10Identify the complaints of the Third Estate.
    1. A⇒ Peasants
      ➢ Owned only small plots of land.
      ➢ Owned farms that did not produce nearly as much produce as farms in countries like England and Holland.
      ➢ Endured a brutal existence.
      ➢ Were victims of epidemics and famine.
      ➢ Had no access to education.
      ➢ Were forced to spend part of their time working their lords’ property, as well as government projects.
      ➢ Were forbidden to kill or drive off animals harmful to crops, so that aristocrats could hunt them. Aristocrats would often trample the peasants’ crops in the process.
    2. B⇒ City Workers
      ➢ Had to spend half their income on food.
      ➢ Had to deal with inflations on items, flour especially.
    3. C⇒ Bourgeoisie
      ➢ Hated the lack of decent roads.
      ➢ Hated the excessive taxes and tolls.
    4. D⇒ Bourgeoisie
      ➢ Hated the stench of their offices.
      ➢ Hated the poor clothing they were obligated to wear.
    5. E⇒ City Workers
      ➢ Had to spend half their income on taxes.
      ➢ Had to share their housing with peasants whose farms had been burnt down by aristocrats.

Información

Descripción
McGillivray's 2015 exam for Socials 9 in a nutshell.
Idioma
English
Visitas
91
Valoración
5,0 de 5 · 1 valoración
Valora este test
Valora este test

Escríbenos

¿Sobre qué es tu mensaje?

¿Qué te parece el nuevo diseño?

¿Te gusta?