Test
Nerves, Hormones & Homeostasis { 6 }
Preguntas del test (50)
1Control and communication within the body involves the..
- Aendocrine system
- Bnervous system
- Csystemic circulation
- Dpulmonary circulation
2The nervous system is built from nerve cells called ____ which have a ___ containing the ___ and the bulk of the ___ .
- Aneurones | nucleus | body | cytoplasm
- Bneurones | body | nucleus | cytoplasm
- Cneurones | body | nucleus | electrical impulses
3Neurones are specialised for the transmission of information in the form nerve impulses.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
4An ___ is a ___ reversal in the ___ in the ___ of neurone.
- Aimpulse | momentary | electrical potential difference | membrane
- Bimpulse | permanent | electrical potential difference | cytoplasm
- Cshock | momentary | electrical difference | membrane
5In mammals the transmission of an impulse along a fibre occurs at speed between 100 -120 mps only.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
6Neurones are grouped together to form a ___ which consist of the ___ and ___ . To and from this run nerves of the ___ .
- Acentral nervous system | brain | spinal cord | peripheral nervous system
- Bperipheral nervous system | heart | spinal cord | central nervous system
- Ccentral nervous system | brain | rib-cage | secondary nervous system
7The three types of neurone are:
- Arelay neurone
- Bmotory neurone
- Csensory neurone
- Ddendrites
- Emotor neurone
- Fbridging neurone
8Neurones have many fine ___ that bring impulses toward the ___ and a single long ___ which carried the impulse away from that.
- Aaxons | nucleus | myelin sheath
- Bdendrites | cell body | axon
- Cmotor end plates | node of Ranvier | axon
9The function of the motor neurone is to carry impulses from the ___ to a ___ which are also known as ___ .
- Aperipheral nervous system | muscle | effectors
- Bcentral nervous system | muscle | effectors
- Ccentral nervous system | gland | effectors
- Dcentral nervous system | muscle | sensors
10One of the supporting cells that surrounds a neurone is a ___ which becomes wrapped around the ___ of ___ neurones and form a structure called a ___ .
- Aschwann cell | axon | relay | myelin sheath
- Bschwann cell | axon | sensory | myelin sheath
- Cmyelin sheath | axon | motor | schwann cell
11Myelin consists of largely ___ and has a ___ electrical resistance; frequent junctions also occur along the sheath between individual ___ called ___ .
- Alipid | low | schwann cells | nodes of Ranvier
- Bprotein | high | schwann cells | nodes of Ranvier
- Ccarbon | high | schwann cells | nodes of river
- Dlipid | high | schwann cells | nodes of Ranvier
12An impulse is a momentary reversal in the electrical potential difference in the membrane - a change in the position of ___ between the inside and outside of the membrane of the nerve fibres.
- Acharged ions
- Bcharged electrons
- Ccharged protons
- Dcharged molecules
- Esubstances
13The resting potential is the ___ across a nerve cell ___ when it is ___ -normally about ___ .
- Adifference in charged ions | membrane | not being stimulated | 70mV
- Bpotential difference | membrane | not being stimulated | -70mV
- Cpotential difference | cytoplasm | being stimulated | 80mV
- Dpotential difference | membrane | being stimulated | -70mV
14When the nerve fibre has been ___, we mean that the ___ has been ___ across the neurone ___ after a nerve impulse has been transmitted.
- Arepolarised | potential difference | re-established | membrane
- Bre-established | electrical difference | depolarised | membrane
- Cresting | potential difference | re-established | cytoplasm
15The resting potential is the product of the active transport of potassium ions in across the membrane and sodium ions out across the membrane only.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
16The active transport of ___ in across the membrane & ___ out occurs by a ___ using energy from ___ .
- Apotassium ions | sodium ions | K+/Na+ pump | ATP
- Bsodium ions | potassium ions | K+/Na+ pump | ATP
- Cpotassium ions | sodium ions | K+/Na+ pump | ADP
17Facilitated diffusion of ___ out and ___ back in occurs after an impulse has passed, but since the membrane is far more permeable to ___ flowing ___ than ___ it causes the tissue fluid ___ the neurone to contain many more ___ than are present in the ___ .
- Apotassium | sodium | potassium | back out | sodium ions flowing in | outside | positive ions | cytoplasm inside
- Bpotassium | sodium | potassium | back out | sodium ions flowing in | inside | positive ions | cytoplasm outside
- Csodium | potassium | sodium | back out | potassium ions flowing in | outside | positive ions | cytoplasm inside
18The ___ is the potential difference produced across the ___ of the nerve cell when stimulated, reversing the resting potential from from about ___ to ___ .
- Aresting potential | plasma membrane | 40mV | -70mV
- Baction potential | plasma membrane | -70mV | 40mV
- C action potential | cytoplasm | 70mV | -40mV
19An action potential is triggered by a stimulus received at a receptor cell or sensitive nerve ending. The energy of the stimulus causes a temporary and local reversal of the resting potential -brief depolarisation.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
20During a ___ the ___ located along the membrane are ___ .
- Aresting potential | ion channels | closed
- Bresting potential | globular protein channels | open
- Cresting period | ion channels | closed
21The transfer of energy of the stimulus first ___ the gates of the ___ in the ___ and ___ ___ ___, down their electrochemical gradient.
- Aopens | sodium channels | plasma membrane | sodium ions | diffuse | in
- Bopens | potassium channels | plasma membrane | potassium ions | diffuse | in
- Ccloses | sodium channels | plasma membrane | sodium ions | are carried across | into the cytoplasm
22The electrical properties of an ion are due to its charge and its attraction to the opposite one; the chemical properties are due to concentration in the solution.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
23When the ___ channels first open, the ___ becomes more ___ in comparison to the ___ of the neurone.
- Asodium | cytoplasm | positive | outside
- Bpotassium | cytoplasm | positive | outside
- Csodium | outside | positive | inside
- Dpotassium | cytoplasm | negative | outside
24When the charge in a neurone has been ___ an ___ has been created. It then runs the length of the neurone fibre before a ___ begins to be ____ .
- Are-established | action potential | resting potential | established
- Breversed | resting potential | action potential | re-established
- Creversed | action potential | resting potential | re-eestablished
25After the action potential has passed, the ___ channels close and the ___ channels open, allowing ___ to exit the cell into the fluid tissue outside down their electrochemical gradient. The inside of the cell becomes less ___ again and finally the potassium channels close and the ___ potential is ___ .
- Apotassium | sodium | potassium | negative | resting | established
- Bsodium | potassium | potassium | positive | resting | re-established
- Cpotassium |sodium | sodium | positive | action | re-established
26Following the passage of the resting potential, the neurone fibre is no longer excitable for about 5 - 10 milliseconds and this is called the refractory period.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
27The all or nothing principle refers to the fact that a stimulus must be at or above the minimum intensity known as the minimum threshold of stimulation, in order to initiate an action potential.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
28As the intensity of the stimulus increases, the frequency at which the action potentials pass along the fibre increases.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
29The ___ is the link point between two neurones.
- ASynapse
- BSinus
- CCyanide
- DNode Of Ranvier
30A synapse consists of the ___ of the axon of a ___ and the ___ of a ___ .
- Asynaptic node | pre-synaptic neurone | nucleus | post-synaptic neurone
- Bsynaptic knob | pre-synaptic neurone | cell body | post-synaptic neurone
- Csynaptic knob | post-synaptic neurone | cell body | pre-synaptic neurone
- Dsynaptic knob | pre-synaptic neurone | dendrite | post-synaptic neurone
31At the synapse neurones have direct contact.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
32Between neurones there is a tiny gap called a synaptic cleft.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
33Action potentials can only pass through a synaptic cleft via chemicals known as ___ .
- ATranslators
- BTransmitter substances
- CCommunicator Chemicals
34Transmitter substances are produced in the ___ in the synaptic knob.
- ARibosomes
- BRough Endoplasmic Reticulum
- CMitochondria
- DGolgi Apparatus
35Commonly occurring transmitter substances are..
- ADopamine
- BAcetyl coenzyme A
- CGlutamic Acid
- DBotox
- ENoradrenalin
- FSerotonin
- GFSH
- HAcetylcholine (ACh)
36The arrival of an action potential at the synaptic knob opens up ___ channels in the ____ membrane and these ions flow in from the synaptic cleft.
- Asodium | post-synaptic
- Bpotassium | pre-synaptic
- Ccalcium | pre-synaptic
- Dcalcium | post-synaptic
37The calcium ions cause ___ of transmitter substances to fuse with the ___ synaptic membrane and release transmitter substances into the ___ .
- Avesicles | pre | synaptic cleft
- Bsacs | pre | post-synaptic neurone
- Cvesicles | post | synaptic cleft
38The transmitter substance then diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds with ___ in the ___-synaptic neurone membrane.
- Atransmitter proteins | post
- Breceptor proteins | post
- Creceptors| pre
39The attachment of a transmitter molecule onto its receptor instantly opens the ion channel.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
40When a molecule of ACh attaches to its receptor site, a potassium channel opens.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
41As sodium ions rush in ___ of the __-synaptic neurone happens.
- Adepolarisation | post
- Bpolarisation | post
- Cdepolarisation | pre
- Drepolarisation | pre
42As more and more molecules of ACh bind to receptor site and more sodium ion channels are opened, it is increasingly likely that depolarisation will reach the threshold level and generate an action potential.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
43The process of build up in pre-synaptic membranes is called fascination.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
44After some time enzyme action inactivates transmitter substances on receptors and this causes the ion channels to close, allowing a resting potential to be re-established in the post-synaptic neurone.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
45The inactivated products from the transmitter substances re-enter the ___ and are re-synthesised into transmitter substance.
- Apost-synaptic knob
- Bpre-synaptic knob
- Cpre-synaptic neurone
- Dpost-synaptic neurone
46Hormones are chemical substances produced and secreted from the cells of ___ or ___ ___ .
- Aductless | exocrine | glands
- Bductless | endocrine | glands
- Cductless | endocrine | tissues
- Dduct | endocrine | organs
47Hormones are transported indiscriminately in the blood stream and act only at specific sites called target zones.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
48Hormones are broken down in the ___ and the products are excreted in the ___ .
- Aliver | kidneys
- Bliver | gut
- Ckidneys | liver
- Dduodenum | lungs
49A Hormone circulates in the blood stream only briefly, so to be effective long-acting hormones must be secreted continuously.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
50A hormone released from the pancreas that regulates blood glucose is..
- AAdrenaline
- BOestrogen
- CInsulin
- DTestosterone
Información
- Descripción
- Chapter 7, Part 6.
- Autor
- cloud.berry
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 168
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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