Test
RES Lectures 11 - 13
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Preguntas del test (34)
1Which structures make up the upper respiratory tract?
- ALarynx
- BNose and nasal cavity (paranasal sinuses)
- CPharynx
- DOesophagus
- ETrachea
2Select the most appropriate reason for why cartilage is used for the nose.
- AIt keeps the nose a patent airway but is flexible enough to take damage without shattering.
- BBone would constrict the airway as it is not flexible enough.
- CIf only soft tissue was used, the airway would be obstructed.
3The cartilages of the nose are paired: superiorly, two [blank_start]lateral[blank_end] cartilages, and inferiorly, the two [blank_start]alar[blank_end] cartilages. The alar cartilages are [blank_start]thicker[blank_end]. These cartilages are all separated by a [blank_start]septal[blank_end] cartilage.
- Alateral
- Balar
- Cthicker
- Dthinner
- Eseptal
4Choose the incorrect statement about structures of the nose.
- AThe nasal septum begins as hyaline cartilage and ends as bone.
- BThe posterior nasal apertures (nares) open to the nasal pharynx.
- CThe "roof" is composed of the ethmoid and sphenoid bones.
- DThe "floor" is composed of two palates, a soft palette anteriorly and a hard palette posteriorly.
- ETurbinates/conchae are on the lateral walls.
5What is the purpose of the turbinates (conchae)?
- ATo swirl inspired air and deflect particles to the mucosa.
- BTo direct air into the pharynx to decrease friction/turbulence and increase smooth flow.
6Choose all correct statements referring to the paranasal sinuses.
- AThere are four sinuses; the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid and maxillary sinuses
- BSinuses lighten the skull
- CSinuses help warm and moisten the incoming air
- DSinus mucus drains into the larynx.
7The pharynx is a muscular tube with three parts: Nasopharynx, the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx. Nasopharynx (above the [blank_start]soft[blank_end] palate) serves only as an air passage. The [blank_start]uvula[blank_end] and soft palate prevent food from entering the nasopharynx when swallowing. The mucosa on the posterior wall of the pharynx contains [blank_start]lymphoid[blank_end] tissue—the [blank_start]pharyngeal[blank_end] tonsils (or adenoids).
The oropharynx extends from the soft palate to the [blank_start]epiglottis[blank_end] and both food and air pass through it. It contains the [blank_start]palatine and lingual[blank_end] tonsils.
The laryngopharynx, is the region below the epiglottis extending to the [blank_start]larynx[blank_end], where the respiratory and digestive tracts [blank_start]diverge[blank_end]. During swallowing, food has ‘[blank_start]right of way[blank_end]’ over air and breathing is paused.- Asoft
- Buvula
- Clymphoid
- Dpharyngeal
- Eepiglottis
- Fpalatine and lingual
- Glarynx
- Hright of way
- Idiverge
8Which tonsils are commonly infected in children, and which part of the pharynx are they in?
- AThe palatine and lingual tonsils in the oropharynx
- BThe palatine and lingual tonsils in the laryngopharynx
- CThe pharyngeal tonsils in the oropharynx
- DThe pharyngeal tonsils in the laryngopharynx
9The epithelium in passages that transport both air and food are lined with a [blank_start]stratified[blank_end], squamous epithelium. This is to protect the throat from [blank_start]physical and chemical[blank_end] wear and tear.
- Astratified
- Bpseudo-stratified
- Cphysical and chemical
- Dphysical
10Which of these is not a function of the larynx?
- AMoistening and filtering air for irritating particles
- BDividing food from air (epiglottis)
- CProviding a patent airway
- DProducing sound and speech
11Choose the correct statement about the larynx.
- AIt has 7 cartilages which cover the anterior and lateral surfaces.
- BIt extends from the ethmoid bone to the oesophagus.
- CIt contains the vocal cords.
12Which kind of epithelium would line the areas of the respiratory tract where only air passes through? (respiratory mucosa)
- AStratified, squamous epithelium
- BPseudo-stratified, columnar, ciliated epithelium with goblet cells
13Which part of the nose contains sebaceous and sweat glands, and hair follicles?
- AThe vestibule (just above/inside the nostrils)
- BThe soft palate
- CThe roof
14What is an alternate name for the hairs of the nose?
- AFibrissae
- BVibrissae
- CFollicles
15The nasal cavity is lined with two types of mucosa: olfactory and [blank_start]mucosa[blank_end]. The olfactory mucosa lines the slit-like opening [blank_start]at the roof[blank_end] of the nasal cavity, and contains [blank_start]smell[blank_end] receptors.
- Arespiratory
- Bat the roof
- Con the floor
- Dsmell
- Etouch
16Incoming air is warmed by the vascular plexus, a bed of thin walled [blank_start]veins[blank_end]. If the outside temperature drops then it is sensed and the vascular plexus [blank_start]vasodilates[blank_end] to allow greater flow and intensify the heat transfer.
- Aveins
- Bcapillaries
- Cvasodilates
- Dvasoconstricts
17Why might someone experience a runny nose on a cold day?
- AThe cilia of stop the respiratory tract stop beating
- BThe mucus is unable to be hydrolysed at low temperatures due to low energy for reactions
18The oesophagus sits anterior to the trachea.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
19Choose the incorrect statement about the trachea.
- AOn the posterior lies the trachealis muscle which is a skeletal muscle.
- BOn the anterior lie C-shaped cartilages
- CIt is lined with respiratory mucosa
20To accomodate for the [blank_start]heart[blank_end], which infringes mainly on the left lung, the left main bronchus is positioned more superiorly/at a different, more [blank_start]shallow[blank_end] angle compared to the right main bronchus. This means that inhaled objects are more likely to fall down your [blank_start]right[blank_end] main bronchus.
- Aheart
- Bshallow
- Cdeep
- Dright
- Eleft
21Smokers have to cough to dislodge mucus because their cilia stop beating when exposed to smoke.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
22The secondary bronchi can also be called:
- Alobar bronchi
- Bsegmental bronchi
23What sizes would you expect bronchioles and terminal bronchioles to be?
- A<1mm, <0.05mm
- B<1mm, <0.5mm
- C<2mm, <0.05mm
- D<2mm, <0.5mm
24The primary bronchi begin just outside the lungs.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
25The intrapulmonary bronchi are the secondary and tertiary bronchi. The secondary bronchi go to the [blank_start]lobes[blank_end], while the tertiary bronchi go to each [blank_start]segment[blank_end]
- Alobes
- Bsegment
26Choose the incorrect statement about the lung anatomy.
- AThe apex of each lung sits by the clavicle.
- BThe costal surface is the outer surface, against the ribs.
- CThe hilum is the medial aspect where structures enter/exit.
- DThe lungs sit in the pleural cavity.
27Which lung has 3 lobes and two fissures?
- ARight
- BLeft
28Select all the correct features of the alveolar wall.
- Asquamous (flat)
- Bcolumnar
- Cepithelial
- Dsmooth muscle
- Ewith basal laminae
29The [blank_start]external[blank_end] surfaces of the alveoli are covered in a fine network of pulmonary capillaries.
The alveolar walls and the capillary walls are joined by the [blank_start]basement membrane[blank_end]. Together, these structures make the [blank_start]respiratory membrane[blank_end] or 'blood-air barrier'.- Aexternal
- Binternal
- Cbasement membrane
- Drespiratory membrane
30Type I pneumocytes are squamous and secrete surfactant; a glycolipid.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
31What other cells apart from pneumocytes make up the alveolar walls?
- AMacrophages
- BGoblet cells
- CDendrocytes
32What type of glands can be found on the lamina propria (the layer below the respiratory mucosa in the lower respiratory tract)?
- ASerous glands only
- BMucous glands only
- CMucous and serous glands
33Serous glands secrete a watery fluid containing [blank_start]enzymes[blank_end]. Every day a [blank_start]litre[blank_end] of fluid is secreted from mucous and serous glands to flush dust and debris out, and the lysozymes within the fluid attack [blank_start]bacteria[blank_end]. [blank_start]Defensins[blank_end] which are natural antibiotic proteins are also secreted by epithelial cells.
- Aenzymes
- Bbacteria
- Clitre
- DDefensins
34Cartilage support increases as the bronchi decrease in diameter.
- AVerdadero
- BFalso
Información
- Descripción
- (CVS and RES) HUBS192 Test sobre RES Lectures 11 - 13, creado por Mer Scott el 08/08/2017.
- Autor
- Mer Scott
- Idioma
- English
- Visitas
- 32
- Etiquetas
- Valoración
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