6857328
Description
Mind Map by Farah Mansour, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farah Mansour
over 7 years ago
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Lungs
- Apex
- It is the rounded upper end.
- Projects upwards through the thoracic inlet into the root of the neck.
- Related to suprapleural membrane
- It is the rounded upper end.
- Base
- Is the concave lower surface that rests on upper surface of the diaphragm.
- The diaphragm separates the base of the lung from :
- Right lung : Right lobe of the liver
- Left Lung :
- Liver
- Fundus of the stomach
- Spleen
- Liver
- Right lung : Right lobe of the liver
- The concavity of the base is deep on right
lung because of the presence of liver.
- Is the concave lower surface that rests on upper surface of the diaphragm.
- Surfaces
- Costal Surface
- related to :
- Sternum
- Costal Cartilages
- Ribs
- Intercostal muscles
- Sternocostalis muscle
- Sternum
- related to :
- Medial Surface
- Vertebral part
- lies behind hilum
- related to :
- sides of vertebral bodies
- Intervertebral disc
- Posterior
intercostal vessels
- Sympathetic Trunk
- Splanchnic nerves
- sides of vertebral bodies
- lies behind hilum
- Mediastinal part
- is anterior part
- differs between right & left lungs
- is anterior part
- Vertebral part
- Costal Surface
- Mediastinal
surface of right
lung
- Hilum
- Shows cut section of:
- 2 Bronchi
- 1 Pulmonary artery
- 2 pulmonary veins
- 1 bronchial artery
- Bronchopulmonary LN
- Anterior & Posterior
pulmonary plexuses
- 2 Bronchi
- Shows cut section of:
- Pericardial impression infront of
Hilum and pulmonary ligament
- Impression for upper part of IVC
- Impression for SVC infront of
upper part of hilum
- continuous upwards with the groove
for the right brachiocephalic vein.
- continuous upwards with the groove
for the right brachiocephalic vein.
- Groove for the ARCH OF VENA AZYGOS vein:
above the hilum reaching groove for SVC
- Impression for the TRACHEA and the RIGHT VAGUS
NERVE: Above the hilum, Lies behind the SVC groove
and above arch of the azygos vein.
- Esophagus Impression
- Azygos vein Groove
- The esophagus is related to the
right lung in the following sites:
- Behind the Hilum
- Behind Pulmonary Ligament
- Behind the groove of
the trachea above the
arch of the azygos vein.
- Behind the Hilum
- Hilum
- Mediastinal
surface of
Left lung
- Hilum
- 1 principle Bronchus
- 1 Pulmonary artery
- 2 Pulmonary veins
- 2 Bronchial arteries
- Bronchopulmonary L.N
- Anterior & Posterior
pulmonary plexuses
- 1 principle Bronchus
- Pericardial impression; related to:
- Pericardium
- Left Ventricle
- Left auricle
- Pericardium
- Impression for the pulmonary
trunk and remains of the
thymus gland
- Lies just above the pericardial impression
& in front of upper part of the hilum
- Lies just above the pericardial impression
& in front of upper part of the hilum
- Groove for AORTIC ARCH:
- Well-defined groove above the hilum
- related to:
- Left vagus nerve
- Left phrenic nerve
- Left superior Intercostal vein
- Left vagus nerve
- Well-defined groove above the hilum
- Descending aorta Groove:
- broad longitudinal groove behind
the hilum and the pulmonary
ligament.
- broad longitudinal groove behind
the hilum and the pulmonary
ligament.
- Groove for left subclavian &
left common carotid arteries
- lies in front of and parallel
to the groove for the left
subclavian.
- lies in front of and parallel
to the groove for the left
subclavian.
- The left phrenic nerve
- Passes between the grooves for the left
common carotid and left subclavian
- Passes between the grooves for the left
common carotid and left subclavian
- Area related to esophagus, thoracic
duct & left recurrent laryngeal nerve
- Narrow vertical area behind the
groove for the left subclavian artery.
- Narrow vertical area behind the
groove for the left subclavian artery.
- The Esophagus
- forms a groove in front of
the descending aorta.
- forms a groove in front of
the descending aorta.
- Hilum
- Lingula
- Tongue-like projection of the upper lobe at the cardiac notch
- Corresponds to the right middle lobe
- The cardiac notch is produced on the upper lobe of the left lung owing to the bulging of the heart.
- Tongue-like projection of the upper lobe at the cardiac notch
- Fissures
of the
lungs
- The left lung: Has only 1 fissure
(oblique) dividing it into upper
& lower lobes.
- The right lung: Has 2 fissures
(oblique and horizontal) into 3
lobes (upper, middle & lower).
- Oblique fissure
- Begins at the
posterior border:
- opposite the 3rd
thoracic spine
- opposite the 3rd
thoracic spine
- Extends downwards and forwards
- Cuts the inferior border of the lung
opposite the 6th costo-chondral junction
- Follows the medial border of the scapula when the arm is abducted
- Begins at the
posterior border:
- Horizontal fissure
- Extends from the anterior border of the right
lung at the level of the 4th costal cartilage
- Ends at the oblique fissure in the midaxillary line
- On the surface of the body, it passes forwards from
the oblique fissure following the line of the 4th rib.
- Extends from the anterior border of the right
lung at the level of the 4th costal cartilage
- The left lung: Has only 1 fissure
(oblique) dividing it into upper
& lower lobes.
- Hilum and
root of the
lung
- Hilum: Is the part of medial
surface of the lung, which gives
passage to structures
- Root: Structures passing
through the hilum connecting
mediastinum to the lung
- Structure Arrangment in the lung root
- The most superior structure is
the PULMONARY ARTERY.
- The more posterior structure
is MAIN BRONCHUS.
- The most anterior and inferior are the PULMONARY VEINS
- The most superior structure is
the PULMONARY ARTERY.
- Hilum: Is the part of medial
surface of the lung, which gives
passage to structures
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